Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Healthcare Worker Infection Rate and Outcome during SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Outbreak in Hong Kong

Zee, Sze Tsing Jonpaul; Kwok, Lam Fung; Kee, Carmen Ka Man; Fung, Ling Hiu; Luk, Luke Wing Pan; Chan, Chris Tsun Leung; Leung, Alex Chin Pang; YU, Bella Pik Wa; Hung, Jhan Raymond L; SzeTo, Kit Ying; Chan, Queenie Wai Leng; Tang, Bone Siu-Fai; Lin, Ada Wai Chi; S.K., Edmond; Lee, Koon Hung; Lau, Chor Chiu; Yung, R

doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0286.v1

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

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“…The relative risks associated with work-related and miscellaneous contacts -‫ݍ‬ ଶ and ‫ݍ‬ ଷ -were both set to 0•30, and ‫ݍ‬ ହ was set to 0•06, reflecting the effectiveness of hospital mask policies. 15,16,17 Note that force of infection is reduced by (1 െ ݁ ௫ ) if the susceptible host has been vaccinated and/or infected previously. Similarly, the corresponding severity rate is reduced by (1 െ ݁ҧ ௫ ).…”

Section: Mathematical Modeling Of Covid-19 Considering Immunity Induc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective vaccination strategies to control COVID-19 outbreak: A modeling study

Peck

Yoon

et al. 2023

Preprint

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OBJECTIVES Three years following the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a global health emergency of international concern. As immunity levels in the population acquired through past infections and vaccinations have been decreasing, booster vaccinations have become necessary to control new outbreaks. This study aimed to determine the most suitable vaccination strategy to control the COVID-19 surge. METHODS A mathematical model was developed to simultaneously consider the immunity levels induced by vaccines and infections, and employed to analyze the possibility of future resurgence and control using vaccines and antivirals. RESULTS As of May 11, 2023, a peak in resurgence is predicted to occur around mid-October of the same year if the current epidemic trend continues without additional vaccinations. In the best scenario, the peak number of severely hospitalized patients can be reduced by 43% (480) compared to the scenario without vaccine intervention (849). Depending on the outbreak trends and vaccination strategies, the best timing for vaccination in terms of minimizing the said peak varies from May to August 2023. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that if the epidemic continues, the best timing for vaccinations must be earlier than specified by the current plan in Korea. Further monitoring of outbreak trends is crucial for determining the optimal timing of vaccinations to manage future surges.

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Section: Mathematical Modeling Of Covid-19 Considering Immunity Induc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective vaccination strategies to control COVID-19 outbreak: A modeling study

Peck

Yoon

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Prevalence of Olfactory Dysfunction with the Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Bartheld

Wang

2023

Cells

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The omicron variant is thought to cause less olfactory dysfunction than previous variants of SARS-CoV-2, but the reported prevalence differs greatly between populations and studies. Our systematic review and meta-analysis provide information regarding regional differences in prevalence as well as an estimate of the global prevalence of olfactory dysfunction based on 62 studies reporting information on 626,035 patients infected with the omicron variant. Our estimate of the omicron-induced prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in populations of European ancestry is 11.7%, while it is significantly lower in all other populations, ranging between 1.9% and 4.9%. When ethnic differences and population sizes are considered, the global prevalence of omicron-induced olfactory dysfunction in adults is estimated to be 3.7%. Omicron’s effect on olfaction is twofold to tenfold lower than that of the alpha or delta variants according to previous meta-analyses and our analysis of studies that directly compared the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction between omicron and previous variants. The profile of the prevalence differences between ethnicities mirrors the results of a recent genome-wide association study that connected a gene locus encoding an odorant-metabolizing enzyme, UDP glycosyltransferase, to the extent of COVID-19-related loss of smell. Our analysis is consistent with the hypothesis that this enzyme contributes to the observed population differences.

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Estimation of the Effectiveness of a Tighter, Reinforced Quarantine for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak: Analysis of the Third Wave in South Korea

Park

Choi

Cho

2023

JPM

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It has been claimed that a tighter, reinforced quarantine strategy was advocated to reduce the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during major outbreaks; however, there have been no prior quantitative studies examining the effectiveness and duration of such a reinforced quarantine. Consequently, the purpose of this research was to determine the impact of a “tighter, reinforced” quarantine during the third COVID-19 breakout wave in South Korea, which occurred between late 2020 and early 2021. The efficacy of the quarantine was determined by comparing the number of newly diagnosed COVID-19 patients between the “prediction model” and “actual observed data.” Two prediction models were developed using the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA; 1, 0, 0) model. The effect of a “tighter, reinforced” quarantine, which would show as an immediate drop in the number of new cases, predicted its efficacy by lowering the number of new cases by 20,400. In addition, the efficacy of the quarantine lasted up to more than three months. The findings of our investigation confirmed the beneficial influence of “tighter, controlled” quarantine laws during a widespread COVID-19 epidemic. During an epidemic, when the population has not yet developed immunity to respiratory viral diseases, our study may be evidence for implementing stricter quarantine restrictions in order to reduce the number of new cases.

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Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Healthcare Worker Infection Rate and Outcome during SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Outbreak in Hong Kong

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Effective vaccination strategies to control COVID-19 outbreak: A modeling study

Effective vaccination strategies to control COVID-19 outbreak: A modeling study

Prevalence of Olfactory Dysfunction with the Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Estimation of the Effectiveness of a Tighter, Reinforced Quarantine for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak: Analysis of the Third Wave in South Korea

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