Impact of crop establishment techniques and weed management practices on <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. growth and yield

Nazir, Aijaz; Bhat, M. A.; Bhat, Tauseef A.; Bhat, Suhail Fayaz; Qayoom, Sameera; Hussain, Ashaq; Lone, Bilal Ahmad; Jan, Bisma; Dar, Showket A; John, James

doi:10.1002/agj2.21363

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The maximum share of NPK removal of weeds was revealed in delayed sowing, i.e., 3rd June (7.73%) as compared to the earlier 10th May sowing (4.52%). Among weed management strategies, a higher contribution in the removal of NPK by weeds was noted in the control treatment, while the lowest contribution was revealed in the sequential application of BSM + pretilachlor PE fb 2,4-D PoE (4.17%) due to an effective control of weeds. − …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Sowing Time and Weed Management Practices on the Performance and Weed Dynamics of Direct Drum Seeded Rice

et al. 2023

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Direct drum seeding has emerged as a viable and alternate substitute to the current transplanted rice to address constraints of labor and water scarcity as well as rising cultivation costs. However, heavy weed infestation is the main biological factor leading to immense yield loss, which requires immediate attention. Therefore, adoption of efficient weed management practice is critical for the success and widespread adoption of direct seeded rice. In this regard, an experiment was laid out at the Faculty of Agriculture, Wadura, SKUAST of Kashmir, India, in Kharif seasons of 2018 and 2019 to assess the efficiency of direct seeded rice (DSR) under two sowing dates (D1: 10th May and D2: 3rd June) and six weed management strategies (W1: weedy check (untreated check), W2: four mechanized conoweedings at 15, 30, 45, and 60 DAS (days after sowing), equivalent to weed free (four conoweedings, equivalent to weed free), W3: bensulfuron-methyl + pretilachlor @ 60 and 600 g a.i. ha–1 as pre-emergence (BSM + pretilachlor, PE), W4: oxyfluorfen @ 750 g a.i. ha–1 as pre-emergence (oxyfluorfen, PE), W5: bensulfuron-methyl + pretilachlor @ 60 and 600 g a.i. ha–1 as pre-emergence followed by 2,4-D @ 0.75 kg a.i. ha–1 as post-emergence (30–35 DAS) (BSM + pretilachlor PE fb 2,4-D PoE), and W6: oxyfluorfen @ 750 g a.i. ha–1 as pre-emergence followed by 2,4-D @ 0.75 kg a.i. ha–1 as post-emergence (30–35 DAS) (oxyfluorfen PE fb 2,4-D PoE) on growth characteristics, productivity, weed infestation, and nutrient dynamics. The pooled results showed that 10th May sowing recorded significantly higher values of growth characteristics viz. plant height, dry matter production, tiller count, and yield characteristics, including panicle weight, panicle length, filled grains per panicle, and test weight, as compared to delayed sowing (3rd June). Earlier sowing (10th May) produced significantly higher grain yield (7.33 t ha–1) and straw yield (8.99 t ha–1) when compared to the delayed sowing (3rd June) which produced a grain yield of 6.08 t ha–1 and straw yield of 7.93 t ha–1. Among weed management strategies, four mechanized conoweeding at 15, 30, 45, and 60 DAS resulted in enhanced growth, yield characteristics, and yield but was statistically similar to bensulfuron-methyl (BSM) + pretilachlor PE fb 2,4-D post-emergence (PoE). Delayed sowing (3rd June; D2) recorded significantly higher weed density and dry-weed biomass as compared to earlier sowing (10th May; D1). Among the herbicides tested, sequential application of BSM + pretilachlor PE fb 2,4-D PoE proved an efficient weed management practice with a significantly reduced population and dry weight of weeds. Therefore, it was concluded that 10th May sowing with four mechanized conoweedings or sequential application of BSM + pretilachlor PE fb 2,4-D PoE is promising for improving productivity and efficient weed control in direct drum seeded rice under temperate Kashmir conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Sowing Time and Weed Management Practices on the Performance and Weed Dynamics of Direct Drum Seeded Rice

et al. 2023

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Genome-Wide Dissection of Novel QTLs and Genes Associated with Weed Competitiveness Traits Using a Population of Early-Backcross Selective Introgression Lines of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Nocito,

Murugaiyan,

Ali

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Direct-seeded rice (DSR) system is anticipated to become the dominant rice cultivation method in the coming years due to its advantages, such as reduced water usage and labor requirements, less greenhouse gas emission, and adaptation to climate change risks. However, weeds are a significant constraint in the DSR system due to the yield losses incurred by weed infestations. Developing rice cultivars that are competitive against weeds through selective breeding has great potential to solve this challenge. Early seed germination (ESG) and seedling vigor (ESV) are important characteristics for the competitive ability of rice against weeds. This study used 181 early-backcross selective introgression-breeding lines (EB-SILs) that were generated by the process of backcrossing Weed Tolerant Rice 1 (WTR 1) with three specific donor parents (Haoannong, Cheng Hui 448, and Y134). Using the tunable genotyping-by-sequencing (tGBS®) method, we obtained 3,971 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These SNPs were then utilized to identify and map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with ESG and ESV features using their precise physical positions. Results High phenotypic variations among the EB-SILs and parental lines in different ESG- and ESV-related traits were observed. The association between the phenotypic and genotypic data detected 18 QTLs governing weed competitiveness, with eight and ten QTLs associated with the ESG and ESV traits, respectively. All detected QTLs were novel, except qRPH1, associated with relative plant height at 14 and 21 days after sowing (DAS). Four ESG-related QTLs (qRL2, qTDWG2, qSVI2.1, and qSVI2.1) were detected on chromosome 2, with two more QTLs governing germination rate (qGR12) and seed vigor index (qSVI12) identified on chromosome 12, and additional QTLs for seed vigor index found on chromosome 3 (qSVI3) and 6 (qSVI6). For ESV traits, qRPH1 detected on chromosome 1 was linked with relative plant height at 14 DAS and 28 DAS, while chromosome 10 harbored four QTLs (qRLC10.1, qRLC10.2, qRTN10, and qRRL10) associated with relative leaf count, relative tiller number, and relative root length at 28 DAS. Additionally, QTLs were detected for relative plant height at 21 DAS on chromosomes 5 and 9 (qRPH5 and qRPH9), relative leaf count at 28 DAS on chromosome 4 (qRLC4), relative tiller number at 28 DAS on chromosome 3 (qRTN3), and relative root length at 28 DAS on chromosome 8 (qRRL8). Candidate genes discovered within the identified QTLs were responsible for the plant’s response to various abiotic and biotic stresses. Conclusion This study provides a more profound comprehension of the genetic foundation of ESG and ESV traits, which are essential characteristics for the weed competitiveness of rice. The novel QTLs and candidate genes found have the potential to aid in marker-assisted and genomic selection approaches for breeding rice varieties with enhanced weed competitiveness. Simultaneously, the potential genes might be further examined to determine their expression patterns when subjected to intense weed pressure. The findings of this research will contribute to the development of rice varieties capable of competing with weeds. These varieties will be crucial in integrated weed management within the DSR system.

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Fertilization for Growth or Feeding the Weeds? A Deep Dive into Nitrogen’s Role in Rice Dynamics in Ecuador

Sánchez-Sabando,

Sánchez-Urdaneta,

Sánchez-Mora

et al. 2024

Life

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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a crucial crop for employment and agricultural output and heavily reliant on family labor. This study evaluated the effects of nitrogen levels (80, 120, and 160 kg·ha−1) on weed incidence and key agronomic variables, including vegetative growth, yield, and related traits, in Ecuador’s primary rice-growing regions, Guayas and Los Ríos. A split-plot randomized complete block design was implemented using two rice varieties (INIAP-FL-Elite and SFL-11) and three planting densities (20 × 30, 25 × 30, and 30 × 30 cm). Weed incidence was higher in Los Ríos, dominated by grasses (55.28%), while Cyperaceae (46.27%) prevailed in Guayas. The data analysis included non-parametric tests to identify significant treatment effects, debiased sparse partial correlations (DSPCs) to reveal key agronomic interactions, and principal component analysis (PCA) to identify influential traits, ensuring robust and normalized interpretations. Analysis of variance indicated significant effects for all variables, with vegetative growth (VG) most affected (p < 0.001). The number of panicles (NP) and days to flowering (DF) showed significant though less pronounced effects, while the panicle length (LP) and 1000-seed weight (TSB) exhibited moderate responses. The DSPCs highlighted the grains per panicle (GP) and total biomass (SB) as critical variables, with significant correlations between the days to flowering and the tiller count at 55 days (r = 0.750, p < 0.001) and between the vegetative growth and the total biomass (r = 0.678, p < 0.001). PCA explained 58.8% of the total variance, emphasizing the days to flowering, plant height, total biomass, and yield as the most influential traits. These findings underline the importance of integrated nutrient and weed management strategies tailored to Ecuador’s agroecological conditions.

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Impact of crop establishment techniques and weed management practices on Oryza sativa L. growth and yield

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Influence of Sowing Time and Weed Management Practices on the Performance and Weed Dynamics of Direct Drum Seeded Rice

Influence of Sowing Time and Weed Management Practices on the Performance and Weed Dynamics of Direct Drum Seeded Rice

Genome-Wide Dissection of Novel QTLs and Genes Associated with Weed Competitiveness Traits Using a Population of Early-Backcross Selective Introgression Lines of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Fertilization for Growth or Feeding the Weeds? A Deep Dive into Nitrogen’s Role in Rice Dynamics in Ecuador

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