Impact of day-of-injury alcohol consumption on outcomes after traumatic brain injury: A meta-analysis

Mathias, Jane L.; Osborn, Amanda

doi:10.1080/09602011.2016.1224190

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Some epidemiological studies have found that moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and a reduced risk of all-cause mortality among middle-aged and older adults. In addition, moderate alcohol consumption may also be associated with better cognitive function [ 176 ]. Red wine bioactives have been associated with cardiovascular mortality rate reduction in France in comparison with other countries that have a similar consumption of saturated fats, the so-called “French paradox”.…”

Section: Wine Flavonoids In Health and Disease Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wine Flavonoids in Health and Disease Prevention

et al. 2017

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Wine, and particularly red wine, is a beverage with a great chemical complexity that is in continuous evolution. Chemically, wine is a hydroalcoholic solution (~78% water) that comprises a wide variety of chemical components, including aldehydes, esters, ketones, lipids, minerals, organic acids, phenolics, soluble proteins, sugars and vitamins. Flavonoids constitute a major group of polyphenolic compounds which are directly associated with the organoleptic and health-promoting properties of red wine. However, due to the insufficient epidemiological and in vivo evidences on this subject, the presence of a high number of variables such as human age, metabolism, the presence of alcohol, the complex wine chemistry, and the wide array of in vivo biological effects of these compounds suggest that only cautious conclusions may be drawn from studies focusing on the direct effect of wine and any specific health issue. Nevertheless, there are several reports on the health protective properties of wine phenolics for several diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, some cancers, obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, allergies and osteoporosis. The different interactions that wine flavonoids may have with key biological targets are crucial for some of these health-promoting effects. The interaction between some wine flavonoids and some specific enzymes are one example. The way wine flavonoids may be absorbed and metabolized could interfere with their bioavailability and therefore in their health-promoting effect. Hence, some reports have focused on flavonoids absorption, metabolism, microbiota effect and overall on flavonoids bioavailability. This review summarizes some of these major issues which are directly related to the potential health-promoting effects of wine flavonoids. Reports related to flavonoids and health highlight some relevant scientific information. However, there is still a gap between the knowledge of wine flavonoids bioavailability and their health-promoting effects. More in vivo results as well as studies focused on flavonoid metabolites are still required. Moreover, it is also necessary to better understand how biological interactions (with microbiota and cells, enzymes or general biological systems) could interfere with flavonoid bioavailability.

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Section: Wine Flavonoids In Health and Disease Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wine Flavonoids in Health and Disease Prevention

et al. 2017

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“…⁴³unexpectedly found that alcohol intake to be associated with decreased mortality. Mathias and Osborn (2016) found that alcohol had either deleterious or protective effects on the brain after a TBI and pre-injury alcohol abuse only had a very limited impact on the cognitive outcomes of their intoxicated mild TBI sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management and outcome of moderate head trauma: our experience

Alshaimaa¹,

Sultan²,

Zakaria³

et al. 2018

Romanian Neurosurgery

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Abstract:Objective: The aim of this study is to follow up patients with moderate head trauma who were admitted to Mansoura University Hospital in the period from 1 Dec. 2015 to 30 Jul. 2016 until discharge and determine the outcome of head trauma. Material and Methods: This prospective study were conducted on all patients with moderate head trauma admitted to Mansoura Emergency Hospital during the period from 1 Dec. 2015 to 30 Jul. 2016 with exclude Polytrauma, bleeding disorders, severe liver and kidney disease patients. Results: In this study, we correlated different risk factors with management and with outcome. Management may be surgical or conservative and outcome may be alive or dead. We have 60 patients with 17 cases (28.3%) were treated surgically and 43 cases (71.6%) were treated conservatively. According to outcome 36 cases (60%) were alive and 24 cases (40%) died, all cases managed in ICU. According to sex, 10 cases (17%) were female and 50 cases were male (83%) with statistically nonsignificant effect on outcome (P = 0.7) and management (P =0.7). road traffic accidents is most common cause of injury with 33 cases (55%), and Cause of injury had statistically significant effect on management (P = 0.02) and statistically non-significant effect on outcome (p = 0.4). GCS on admission had no statistically significant effect on management (P=0.8) and outcome (P=0.1) with mean of 10.1±1.2 and GCS on discharge had no statistically significant effect on management (P=0.6). Conclusion: There were significant effect of age of patients, systemic diseases (such as DM, HTN, chronic kidney diseases, and chronic liver diseases), type of lesions (especially SDH, SAH), and serum electrolytes (especially serum Sodium) on outcome which determined by GCS at discharge, length of hospital stay, and the state of the patient at discharge.

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“…Along the same lines, another metaanalysis of 27 studies comparing TBI outcomes of individuals depending on their day-of-injury blood alcohol level (positive versus zero, high versus low), showed that a positive blood alcohol level was associated with poorer cognitive outcomes and higher levels of disability. Most effect sizes were, however, small or bidirectional, concluding that alcohol misuse increases the risk of sustaining a brain injury, yet is not consistently associated with better or worse outcomes, other than subtle cognitive deficits [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%