IMPACT OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF MILK THISTLE (Silybum marianum) SEED EXTRACT ON DOE RABBITS PERFORMANCE

Abstract

ilk thistle seed extract consists mainly of flavonolignans, which include silybin (silibinin), sylichrisitn, and silydianin that commonly referred to Silymarin. A total number of thirty six, 9-10 month old New-Zealand white muliparous does, with an average weight of 3641g ± 94.02 were used to evaluate the response to dietary supplementation with ethanolic milk thistle extract (MTE) containing 70% silymarin on some performance aspects during pregnancy and lactation periods. Does were allocated to 4 experimental groups, 9 does of each. Rabbits were fed the experimental diets started one month before first mating. Does were allowed to the following treatments; a control group was fed a basal diet without MTE (T1), then the 2 nd , 3 rd , and 4 th were fed the basal diet supplemented with 3ml, 6ml or 9ml MTE/kg diet, respectively and abbreviated as 3MTE (T2), 6MTE (T3) and 9MTE (T4), respectively. The trail was ended after pregnant period and nursering kits till weaning. The results indicate that feed intake during pregnancy (except T2) and lactation , litter weight at birth and weaning (except T2) were significantly (P≤0.05) increased by supplementing does diets with MTE at 6 or 9ml/kg diet compared to the control. Also, litter size at birth and litter size at weaning (except T2) were significantly (P≤0.05) higher with MTE supplementation compared to the control. Milk production significantly (P≤0.05) was the highest in 9MTE group for the first four weeks compared with the control. Plasma prolactin hormone was significantly (P≤0.05) improved gradually by enriched does diet with MTE, but liver enyzmes (AST & ALT) was insignificantly higher in all MTE groups compared to the control. It could be concluded that adding milk thistle seed extract to does diets enhanced their performance during gestation and lactation periods, in term of increased their milk production and litter weight at birth and weaning.

Feasible feeding strategies for sustainable management of serve heat stress conditions: Effect of Milk Thistle extract on growth performance and health status of newly weaned rabbits

“…Banna et al (2011) reported that MT extract is a potent free radical scavenger; it increased the antioxidant enzymes when given in repeated doses to rats. On the other hand, Refaie et al (2018) showed higher CAT enzyme activity and lower levels of MDA in the meat of rabbit received diets treated by MT extract at a dose of 3.0 or 4.5 mL/kg diet compared to the control. Further, Hamed et al (2016) reported significant increase in TAC and significant decrease in MDA in blood serum of male rabbits fed diets supplemented with MT seed at a dose of 5 or 10 g/kg diet.…”

“…The present results coincide with Hamed et al (2016) who reported significant increase in the levels of IgG and IgM for male rabbits received diets supplemented with 5 or 10 g MT seeds/kg diet compared to the control group. Also, antibody levels were improved in growing rabbits fed diets enriched by MT extract as there was a significant increase in IgG levels in the serum (Refaie et al, 2018). Moreover, Moradi et al (2017) reported that the using of silymarin under oxidative stress caused by carbon tetrachloride had a beneficial effect on the humoral immunity as there was a significant increase in IgG as well as the WBCs and the total antibodies (Moradi et al, 2017).…”

“…Silymarin and/or other bioactive substances in MT seeds have anticarcinogenic, antihepatotoxic, anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties (Saeed et al, 2017). Refaie et al (2018) reported that the supplementation of growing rabbits by 1.5 and 3.0 mL MT extract/kg diets improved growth performance, feed utilisation, carcass characteristics, immunological parameters, redox status, as well as histological structure of liver. Formerly, several studies have been suggested various ways of administering MT or its bioactive components to animal diets, including cake, seeds, flour and extract (Hashemi et al, 2018; Kosina et al, 2017; Stastnik et al, 2020; Zarei, et al, 2016).…”