Impact of Different Platelet Concentrates Application on Bone Regeneration. An Experimental Study

Abstract

Purpose: This experimental study was to evaluate and compare bone regeneration capacity of experimental bone defects filled with different autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) as a bone graft material in the rabbit's tibiae. Material and methods:A total of forty-two adult rabbits were included in this study. After creation of bone defects, the animals were randomly assigned to three groups. In control group, no bone graft was used (Group A, n=14), in one test group Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (PRGF) was used as bone graft material (Group B, n=14), and in the other test group Injectable Platelet Rich Fibrin (i-PRF) was used as bone graft material (Group C, n=14). After implantation, each group was further divided into two subgroups, where rabbits were sacrificed 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively and the defects were evaluated with histologic and histomorphometric analysis.Results: Both test groups (Group B and Group C) treated with APCs (PRGF: 10.92±0.85 & 41.53±2.55and i-PRF: 13.13±0.68 &57.27±1.66 at 2 and 4 weeks respectively) demonstrated higher percentages of new bone formation than the control group (5.11±1.15 & 30.31±1.29 at 2 and 4 weeks respectively) (P < 0.001). Significant difference was found between the two test groups and control group (P < 0.001). On the other hand, significant difference was found between test groups (P < 0.001).Conclusions: Within the limitation of this animal study, the adjunct implication of either i-PRF or PRGF in endodontic surgery may be of great significance as it dramatically improves bone regeneration.

Effect of Glycogen Synthase Kinase Antagonists-3 on bone regeneration in comparison to Injectable Platelets Rich-Fibrin: Histomorphometric and biomarkers results

“…Group (G/i-PRF) revealed thickened trabecular bone with interconnected marrow cavities. Mostly, islands of woven bone intermingled with areas of osteons and lamellar bone were seen , enhanced mature bone area % and upregulated ALP, OCN and OPN gene expression compared to control which was consistent with El-kabbany A & Abdelsalam E, (15) who reported a significant increase in the amount of newly formed bone with the i-PRF group, and in accordance with a Hidajat et al (41) , where i-PRF were able to enhance the quality of fracture healing of a long bone in rabbits in terms of union quality, cortex growth and remodeling and bone graft and new bone union . i-PRF bone regenerative potential may be attributed to the increased concentration of platelets, leukocytes, and growth factors that initiate the migration and proliferation of osteoblasts, prompting tissue regeneration (42,43) .…”

“…According to the finding of El-kabbany A & Abdelsalam E, (15) the minimum estimated sample size using PS version 3.1.2, with an alpha (a) level of 0.05 (5%) and a beta (b) level of 0.20 (20%), i.e., power = 80% and an estimated difference between the experimental and control means of 2 to reject the null hypothesis was 12 tibial defects per group.…”