Impact of difructose anhydride III, raffinose, and fructooligosaccharides on energy intake, gut hormones, and cecal fermentation in rats fed a high-fat and high-sucrose diet

Abstract

We investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of difructose anhydride III (DFA III), raffinose (Raf), and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on diet-induced obesity development. Male rats were fed normal or high-fat and high-sucrose (HFS) diet, with or without supplementing (3%) DFA III, Raf, or FOS, for 8 or 5 weeks. Supplementing DFA III to the HFS diet decreased energy intake compared to the non-supplemented HFS diet. Accordingly, body weight gain and fat accumulation reduced in DFA III-fed rats. Cecal acetate production and plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide-YY (PYY) were elevated in DFA III-fed rats, while Raf and FOS partially affected these parameters. These results demonstrate that DFA III has suppressive effect on excessive energy intake driven by the palatable obesogenic diet, possibly due to combined effects of increased anorexigenic factors such as cecal acetate production and GLP-1/PYY secretion.

Nondigestible Oligosaccharides with Anti-Obesity Effects

“…In addition to the oligosaccharides described above, some NDOs have also been reported to have weight loss activity. Raffinose-oligosaccharides (RFOs) are nondigestible oligosaccharides composed of galactose, glucose, and fructose, that are found in a variety of vegetables, including cabbage, broccoli, beans, and ginger. , RFOs are reported to have some weight loss effects and to optimize intestinal ecology activity …”

“…Raffinose-oligosaccharides (RFOs) are nondigestible oligosaccharides composed of galactose, glucose, and fructose, that are found in a variety of vegetables, including cabbage, broccoli, beans, and ginger. 91,92 RFOs are reported to have some weight loss effects and to optimize intestinal ecology activity. 93 Many marine polysaccharides have been shown to have metabolic benefits.…”

Ingestion of difructose anhydride III partially suppresses the deconjugation and 7α-dehydroxylation of bile acids in rats fed with a cholic acid-supplemented diet

“…A decrease in body weight was observed in the rats fed with DFAIII supplementation as compared to those fed with DFAIII-free diets. As mentioned before, an increase in acetic acid level was observed in the gut that served as a potent stimulator to secrete anorexic gut hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY [28]. It was recently revealed that acetic acid reduces appetite via direct influence on hypothalamus in the brain without induction of these gut hormones [29].…”

Inclusion of Fructooligosaccharide and Resistant Maltodextrin in High Fat Diets Promotes Simultaneous Improvements on Body Fat Reduction and Fecal Parameters

“…Opposing the HF group (67.65 g/100 g) that had the highest body fat, the feeding of FOS-RMD mixture could effectively ( p < 0.05) lower the total body fat in HF1X (23.76 g/100 g) and HF2X (22.72 g/100 g) diets by −15.5% and −19.2%, respectively. Other authors have also revealed the potential of FOS and RMD in hurdling intestinal fat absorption and mitigating the fat tissue accumulation even though these dietary fibers were administered separately [ 16 ]. In this study, an administration of either 2% or 5% of FOS-RMD mixture has contributed to a reduction of fat accumulation in the rats fed different high fat diets.…”