Impact of Directional Antennas in Wireless Sensor Networks

Log‐normal is a very common propagation model used to estimate the path loss introduced by a given environment. However, in most cases the parameters of the model are antenna specific. In this work, it is shown that the path loss exponent is highly dependent on the antenna pair used in the communication system. Large errors are introduced in the prediction of the path loss if the antennas are different from those used to obtain the parameters of the propagation model. An improved model is developed for the 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific and medical band to estimate the path loss exponent for different antenna directivities knowing the path loss exponent of a reference antenna. The model uses the antenna beamwidth and the antenna gain to obtain a parameter related to the path loss.

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“…The model was also applied to the measurements presented in [9] for three antenna combinations and two environments. Fig 8b shows the results.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The improvement in range provided by the high-gain directional antenna was relatively small for the dense foliage environment. In [9] directional antennas are proposed to improve the throughput and the energy consumption. Simulations considered a path loss exponent of 2.8.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the antenna directivity on path loss for different propagation environments

Azevedo

Santos

Sousa

et al. 2015

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

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“…in also show that a MAC protocol using directional antennas reduces power consumption more than a MAC protocol that uses omnidirectional antennas. Additionally, in , it is shown that the network lifetime increases with the use of directional antennas by reducing the duty cycle.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

QoS‐Aware MAC protocols utilizing sectored antenna for wireless sensor networks‐based smart grid applications

Yiğit

İncel

Baktır

et al. 2016

Int J Communication

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Summary Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are the most commonly deployed technology in smart grid environments owing to their advantages including low cost and successful adoption in various harsh smart grid environments. However, providing the quality of service (QoS) requirements of smart grid applications with WSNs is difficult because of the power constraints of sensor nodes and unreliable wireless links. In order to meet the QoS requirements of smart grid applications using WSNs, in this paper, we first propose a QoS‐aware omnidirectional antenna‐based medium access control (QODA‐MAC). Then, in order to investigate the impact of using sectored antennas on meeting QoS requirements, we also propose another QoS‐aware four‐sectored antenna‐based MAC protocol (QFSA‐MAC). The aim of the proposed approaches is to increase channel utilization with efficient service differentiation considering traffic flows with different requirements as well as providing reliable and fast delivery of data. We measure the performance of QODA‐MAC and QFSA‐MAC by making extensive simulations and compare them with each other. The results show that QFSA‐MAC outperforms the QODA‐MAC protocol and satisfies QoS requirements of smart grid applications by achieving significant improvement in terms of latency, energy consumption and data delivery. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…In [43], directional antenna is used in WSN where a time schedule is computed by each node to schedule the directional communication with other neighbors. Furthermore, in [47] it is reported that network life can be notably increased with directional antennas reducing the duty cycle, however, conserving the throughput higher than the omnidirectional solution. SAMAC [48] is a recent MAC protocol for sensor networks that employs the directional antenna.…”

Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Saving Mechanisms for MAC Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks

Ameen

Islam

Kwak

2010

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

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Energy efficiency is a primary requirement in a wireless sensor network (WSN). This is a major design parameter in medium access control (MAC) protocols for WSN due to limited resources in sensor nodes that include low battery power. Hence a proposed MAC protocol must be energy efficient by reducing the potential energy wastes. Developing such a MAC protocol has been a hot research area in WSN. To avoid wasting the limited energy, various energy saving mechanisms are proposed for MAC protocols. These mechanisms have a common design objective—to save energy to maximize the network lifetime. This paper presents a survey on various energy saving mechanisms that are proposed for MAC protocols in WSN. We present a detailed discussion of these mechanisms and discuss their strengths and weaknesses. We also discuss MAC protocols that use these energy saving mechanisms.

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Impact of Directional Antennas in Wireless Sensor Networks

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Impact of the antenna directivity on path loss for different propagation environments

Impact of the antenna directivity on path loss for different propagation environments

QoS‐Aware MAC protocols utilizing sectored antenna for wireless sensor networks‐based smart grid applications

Energy Saving Mechanisms for MAC Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks

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