Impact of displacement on livelihood: a case study of Odisha

Livelihood Trajectories in a Context of Repeated Displacement: Empirical Evidence from Rwanda

“…The empirical evidence shows that the livelihood outcomes of an event of displacement or resettlement depend on the vulnerability context, as well as the structure determining access to crucial resources. In line with previous studies on the effects of displacement on livelihoods in the developing world [11], the findings in this case study show that the ability of the displaced to adjust to their new surroundings is largely influenced by their access to natural capital. However, not all displacements that the households in this case study experienced necessarily had a negative livelihood outcome.…”

“…These strategies and their outcomes are in turn influenced by policies and institutions that define the context in which people are creating and recreating their livelihoods. The effects of displacement on people's livelihoods and livelihood resilience have been studied in a variety of contexts and locations, looking at violent conflict, development-induced displacement or the effects of climate change [5,6,11,12]. These studies see displacement as a shock to the livelihood capital stock of households, followed by new capital accumulation strategies by the displaced households.…”

“…Without resettlement and livelihood planning aid, this usually leads to an overall decline in living conditions and wellbeing [6,8,13,14]. Many of these studies focus on the importance of access to assets, such as natural capital, which deprivation is often more strongly affecting the poorer and vulnerable households who mainly rely on common property resources like forests, rivers, fields, and grazing grounds for their livelihoods [11]. Others, stress the dimension of involuntary displacement as a removal from social capital, for example in the form of kinship links or associations [6,15,16].…”

Examining Displacement, Resettlement and Rehabilitation Processes: The Case of Rengali Dam Displaced Communities in Odisha, India*An earlier version of this article, titled—‘Why Development Brought Vulnerability for Them? A Situational Analysis of Resettled Colonies of Displaced Communities’, was presented at the International Conference on ‘Conflict Resolution and Sustainable Development’ organised between 10 and 11 December 2016 at Nabakrushna Choudhury Centre For Development Studies, Bhubaneswar, Odisha

“… Sources: Dalua (1991), Fernandes and Reddy (1993), Parida (2006) as cited in Jaysawal and Saha (2016). …”

“…The doctrine of eminent domain while enabling the state action also promises to fulfil these costs with its resettlement and rehabilitation policies. However, multiple research studies on displaced communities have found that the state-promised resettlement and rehabilitation as a compensatory policy measure have remained unfulfilled (See, for examples, Barnabas 2002; Cernea, 2003 on multiple dam projects as a part of world commission for dams; Fernandes, 2009; Ganguly-Scrase & Lahiri-Dutt, 2012; Jaysawal & Saha, 2016; Parsuraman, 1996 on Sardar Sarovar Dam project). Among all the infrastructure projects, the construction of large dams caused the most significant number of displacements, particularly in the state of Odisha (Singh 1997 as cited in Jaysawal & Saha, 2016).…”