ObjectivesRamucirumab (RAM) and docetaxel (DOC) are commonly used after rst-line therapy for advanced nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, we aimed to elucidate sequencing strategies of RAM and DOC following prior treatments, including immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), cytotoxic agent (CTx) alone, bevacizumab (BEV), and tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI).
MethodsWe recruited patients with NSCLC who received RAM and DOC and compared the groups with and without prior ICI, CTx alone, BEV, and TKI, respectively. By tumor response to such treatments, the patients were further classi ed into "complete response (CR) + partial response (PR)," "stable disease," and "progressive disease" groups, respectively. We compared RAM and DOC e cacy among these groups.
ResultsIn total, 237 patients were registered. In the group with prior ICI, the objective response rate and disease control rate were signi cantly higher than those without prior ICI (p = 0.012 and 0.028, respectively), and the median progression-free survival (PFS) was also signi cantly longer (p = 0.027). There were no signi cant differences in PFS between the groups with and without CTx alone, BEV, and TKI. Multivariate analysis revealed that prior ICI was an independent factor associated with better PFS. Furthermore, the prior ICI group with CR + PR signi cantly prolonged PFS compared to the group without prior ICI (p = 0.013).
ConclusionRAM and DOC may be preferably administered after ICI, rather than after CTx alone, BEV, or TKI, and furthermore, enhanced if the prior ICI has a favorable tumor response.