Impact of Early Intravenous Epinephrine Administration on Outcomes Following Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Nationwide Improvements in Survival From Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Japan

“…(Figure 2A). With regard to bystanderwitnessed VF arrests, the proportion increased significantly from 9.8% ( In the multivariate analysis ( 25) and tended to increase among children aged Ͻ1 year and 1 to 4, 5 to 12, and 13 to 17 years, whereas it did not change among the elderly aged Ն90 years. Among those with noncardiac origin, the trend was almost the same as for those with cardiac origin.…”

“…Recently, some studies suggested that earlier epinephrine administration and earlier endotracheal intubation contributed to improving outcomes after OHCA. 25,26 Further elaborate studies that consider the timing of the procedure or the patient's rhythm are needed to confirm the effect of ALS measures.…”

Regional Variation in Survival Following Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

“…epinephrine since April 2006. 17 Citizen use of automated external defibrillator (AED) has been legally permitted since July 2004 in Japan. 18 All EMS providers perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) according to the Japanese CPR guidelines, which are based on the European Resuscitation Council and American Heart Association guidelines, and the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) recommendations.…”

Treatment for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

“…Although Japan has established an ongoing national registry of patients with OHCA to attempt such, multiple analyses of observational data from Japan have yielded conflicting information about the effectiveness of interventions for OHCA. 21,22 This suggests that a national registry alone may be insufficient to inform understanding of resuscitation care.…”