Impact of Electric Vehicles on a Power Line with Photovoltaic Power Plants Connected

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) are currently popular, and their number is growing; therefore, they have an impact on the power system. In this paper, the impact of electric vehicles on a power line connected to photovoltaic (PV) power plants regarding the power losses and voltage level is presented. The study is performed for a power line located in Mureș County, Romania, to which two photovoltaic power plants are connected. Three supply options are available for the power line, which supplies 15 loads. The power demand of the loads is determined with the power meters installed at the load premises. Electric vehicles are also considered to be connected in different points along the power line at the buses with the lowest voltage level. The results give the power losses and voltage levels for the case of when the PV power plants and EVs are connected to the power line, compared with the case when the EVs are not connected to the power line. The power losses were 400% higher in the case where the EVs were connected when the power demand was higher, while the voltage level was 2% lower if the EVs were connected.

A review of electric vehicle hosting capacity quantification and improvement techniques for distribution networks

“…The line flows, bus voltages and branch currents must be within specified limits for a stable energy network in case of addition of any load or generation in the system as given by ( 5)- (8).…”

“…−I max mn ≤ I mn ≤ I max mn (8) Moreover, an extra set of constraints can be added that impose additional limits to EV HC determination depending on the specific problem formulation.…”

“…To begin with, EV integration can be restricted by network operational limits for voltage, overloading, losses, or power quality (PQ) [6,7]. In that respect, EV impacts on network performance were investigated in [8] and the authors found increased voltage drop and power losses due to EV addition. Likewise, network reliability can be compromised by the addition of EV loads on top of the existing network demand.…”