Impact of emission controls on air quality in Beijing during APEC 2014: Implications from water-soluble ions and carbonaceous aerosol in PM2.5 and their precursors

Xu, Wen; Liu, Xuejun; Liu, Lei; Dore, Anthony J.; Tang, Aohan; Li, Lu; Wu, Q. H.; Zhang, Yangyang; Hao, Tianxiang; Pan, Yuepeng; Chen, Jianmin; Zhang, Fusuo

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.04.050

Cited by 63 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…The total ions summed to 24.3±4.9% (Lab-4) to 33.8±7.1% (Lab-1) of PM2.5. These results are comparable with those in another study in Beijing which found that SNA accounted for 88% of total ions and 9-70% of PM2.5 concentrations (Xu et al, 2019b). As shown in Table 2, the recoveries of most ions measured by Lab-4 were < 100%, while those of Lab-1 were much higher, especially for major ions (>100%).…”

Section: Detection Limitssupporting

confidence: 88%

An inter-laboratory comparison of aerosol in organic ion measurements by Ion Chromatography: implications for aerosol pH estimate

Xu¹,

Song²,

Harrison³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Water soluble inorganic ions such as ammonium, nitrate, and sulfate are major components of fine aerosols in the atmosphere and are widely used in the estimation of aerosol acidity. However, different experimental practices and instrumentation may lead to uncertainties in ion concentrations. Here, an inter-comparison experiment was conducted in 10 different laboratories (labs) to investigate the consistency of inorganic ion concentrations and resultant aerosol acidity estimates using the same set of aerosol filter samples. The results mostly exhibited good agreement for major ions Cl−, SO42−, NO3−, NH4+ and K+. However, F−, Mg2+ and Ca2+ were observed with more variations across the different labs. The Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) data of non-refractory SO42−, NO3−, NH4+ generally correlated very well with the filter analysis based data in our study, but the absolute concentrations differ by up to 42 %. Cl− from the two methods are correlated but the concentration differ by more than 3 times. The analyses of certified reference materials (CRMs) generally showed good recovery of all ions in all the labs, the majority of which ranged between 90 % and 110 %. Better agreements were found for Cl−, SO42−, NO3−, NH4+ and K+ across the labs after their concentrations were corrected with CRM recoveries; the coefficient of variation (CV) of Cl−, SO42−, NO3−, NH4+ and K+ decreased 1.7 %, 3.4 %, 3.4 %, 1.2 % and 2.6 %, respectively, after CRM correction. We found that the ratio of anion to cation equivalent concentrations (AE/CE) is not a good indicator for aerosol acidity estimates, as the results in different labs did not agree well with each other. Ion balance (anions – cations) calculated from SO42−, NO3− and NH4+ gave more consistent results, because of their relatively large concentrations and good agreement among different labs. In situ aerosol pH calculated from the ISORROPIA-II thermodynamic equilibrium model with measured ion and ammonia concentrations showed a similar trend and good agreement across the 10 labs. Our results indicate that although there are important uncertainties in aerosol ion concentration measurements, the estimated aerosol pH from the ISORROPIA-II model is more consistent.

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Section: Detection Limitssupporting

confidence: 88%

An inter-laboratory comparison of aerosol in organic ion measurements by Ion Chromatography: implications for aerosol pH estimate

Xu¹,

Song²,

Harrison³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Besides, secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed from the oxidation of volatile organic compounds ( Seinfeld and Pandis, 2006 ) is also an important component of PM 2.5 in China ( Huang et al, 2014 ; Zhao et al, 2016 ). The concentration, composition and properties of SOA showed complicated responses to the emissions of NO x and VOC s ( Feng et al, 2019 ; Tsimpidi et al, 2008 ; Xu et al, 2019 ). However, the simulation of SOA is usually seriously underestimated by more than tenfold in China because of the poor understanding of its precursors, chemical mechanisms and physicochemical characterization ( Jiang et al, 2012 ; Li et al, 2011 ; Robinson et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers for the poor air quality conditions in North China Plain during the COVID-19 outbreak

Wang

Xie

et al. 2021

Atmospheric Environment

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“…It is worth noting that NH 4 + concentrations measured in this study were relatively low compared with those in other areas ( Table 2). One possible explanation is that NH 3 volatilization from soil is limited by low temperature at the altitude of 4000 m. SO 4 2and NO 3 mainly come from oxidation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, emitted by a wide range of anthropogenic sources, such as coal and fuel combustion Xu et al, 2019b). High concentrations of SO 4…”

Section: Fog and Rain Chemistry Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical compositions of fog and precipitation at Sejila Mountain in the southeast Tibetan Plateau, China

Wang

Collett

et al. 2019

Environmental Pollution

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Impact of emission controls on air quality in Beijing during APEC 2014: Implications from water-soluble ions and carbonaceous aerosol in PM2.5 and their precursors

Abstract: Impact of emission controls on air quality in Beijing during APEC 2014: implications from water-soluble ions and carbonaceous aerosol in PM 2.5 and their precursors.

Cited by 63 publications

References 90 publications

An inter-laboratory comparison of aerosol in organic ion measurements by Ion Chromatography: implications for aerosol pH estimate

An inter-laboratory comparison of aerosol in organic ion measurements by Ion Chromatography: implications for aerosol pH estimate

Drivers for the poor air quality conditions in North China Plain during the COVID-19 outbreak

Chemical compositions of fog and precipitation at Sejila Mountain in the southeast Tibetan Plateau, China

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