Impact of Endurance and Resistance Training on Skeletal Muscle Glucose Metabolism in Older Adults

Consitt, Leslie A.; Dudley, Courtney; Saxena, Gunjan

doi:10.3390/nu11112636

Cited by 67 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 113 publications

(200 reference statements)

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“…Here, huddling behavior completely or partially alleviated the increase in glycogen content caused by the decrease in glycogen degradation enzyme in the myocardium of voles following cold environment exposure by increasing glycogen decomposition. Normal glycogen metabolism is the basis of exercise in mammals ( Consitt et al, 2019 ; Moniz et al, 2020 ). Earlier studies on Brandt’s voles showed that activity is higher in huddling groups than separated groups under cool environments ( Sukhchuluun et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Up-Regulation of Glycogen Synthesis and Degradation Enzyme Level Maintained Myocardial Glycogen in Huddling Brandt’s Voles Under Cool Environments

Mou

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Physiol.

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Small mammals exhibit limited glucose use and glycogen accumulation during hypothermia. Huddling is a highly evolved cooperative behavioral strategy in social mammals, allowing adaptation to environmental cooling. However, it is not clear whether this behavior affects the utilization of glycogen in cold environments. Here, we studied the effects of huddling on myocardial glycogen content in Brandt’s voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii) under a mild cold environment (15°C). Results showed that (1) Compared to the control (22°C) group (CON), the number of glycogenosomes more than tripled in the cool separated group (CS) in both males and females; whereas the number of glycogenosomes increased in females but was maintained in males in the cool huddling group (CH). (2) Glycogen synthase (GS) activity in the CS group remained unchanged, whereas glycogen phosphorylase (GYPL) activity decreased, which mediated the accumulation of glycogen content of the CS group. (3) Both GS and GYPL activity increased which may contribute to the stability of glycogen content in CH group. (4) The expression levels of glucose transporters GLUT1 and GLUT4 increased in the CS group, accompanied by an increase in glucose metabolism. These results indicate that the reduced glycogen degradation enzyme level and enhanced glucose transport may lead to an increase in myocardial glycogen content of the separated voles under cool environment; while the up-regulation of glycogen synthesis and degradation enzyme level maintained myocardial glycogen content in the huddling vole.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Up-Regulation of Glycogen Synthesis and Degradation Enzyme Level Maintained Myocardial Glycogen in Huddling Brandt’s Voles Under Cool Environments

Mou

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Physiol.

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“…In general, huddling behavior completely or partially alleviated the increase in glycogen content caused by the increase in glycogen synthesis in the myocardium of voles following cold environment exposure. Normal glycogen metabolism is the basis of exercise in mammals [39,40]. Earlier studies on Brandt's voles showed that activity is higher in huddling groups than separated groups under cool environments [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Huddling relieves myocardial glycogen synthesis of Brandt’s voles in mild cold environment

Wang¹,

Mou²,

Xu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background:Small mammals have limited glucose use and limited glycogen accumulation during hypothermia. Huddling is a highly evolved cooperative behavioral strategy in social mammals, allowing adaptation to environmental cooling. As yet, however, is not clear whether this behavior affects the utilization of glycogen in cold environments. Here, we studied the effect of huddling on myocardial glycogen content in Brandt’s voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii) under a mild cold environment (15 °C). Results: Results showed that (1) Compared to the control (22 °C) group (CON), the number of glycogenosomes more than tripled in the cool separated group (CS) in both males and females; whereas the number of glycogenosomes increased in females but was maintained in males in the cool huddling group (CH). (2) The ratio of glycogen synthetase phosphorylation showed a similar trend as the change in glycogenosome number in the three treatment groups in both males and females. (3) Protein expression of glycogen phosphorylase remained stable in males in the three treatment groups but increased in CS group females compared with the CON group. Conclusion:These results indicate that huddling in voles alleviated the increase in myocardial glycogen content caused by the increase of glycogen synthesis under cool environments.

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“…Proteins involved in glycolysis and glycogen metabolism, as well as GLUT4 protein (the transporter mediating insulin-dependent glucose uptake), are downregulated [ 35 , 36 ]. Moreover, several age-related alterations in skeletal muscle insulin signaling were reported, contributing to systemic insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism [ 37 ]. Skeletal muscle lipid accumulation in old age is mostly dependent on alterations in uptake and oxidation.…”

Section: Aging and Skeletal Muscle Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Impairment in Sarcopenia

Bellanti

Buglio

Vendemiale

2021

Biology

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Sarcopenia is defined by the age-related loss of skeletal muscle quality, which relies on mitochondrial homeostasis. During aging, several mitochondrial features such as bioenergetics, dynamics, biogenesis, and selective autophagy (mitophagy) are altered and impinge on protein homeostasis, resulting in loss of muscle mass and function. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction contributes significantly to the complex pathogenesis of sarcopenia, and mitochondria are indicated as potential targets to prevent and treat this age-related condition. After a concise presentation of the age-related modifications in skeletal muscle quality and mitochondrial homeostasis, the present review summarizes the most relevant findings related to mitochondrial alterations in sarcopenia.

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Impact of Endurance and Resistance Training on Skeletal Muscle Glucose Metabolism in Older Adults

Cited by 67 publications

References 113 publications

Up-Regulation of Glycogen Synthesis and Degradation Enzyme Level Maintained Myocardial Glycogen in Huddling Brandt’s Voles Under Cool Environments

Up-Regulation of Glycogen Synthesis and Degradation Enzyme Level Maintained Myocardial Glycogen in Huddling Brandt’s Voles Under Cool Environments

Huddling relieves myocardial glycogen synthesis of Brandt’s voles in mild cold environment

Mitochondrial Impairment in Sarcopenia

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