Impact of exosome‐loaded chitosan hydrogel in wound repair and layered dermal reconstitution in mice animal model

Abstract

Combat or burn injuries are associated with a series of risks, such as microbial infection, an elevated level of inflammatory response, and pathologic scar tissue formation, which significantly postpone wound healing and also lead to impaired repair. Skin engineering for wound healing requires a biomimetic dressing substrate with ideal hydrophilicity, holding antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. In addition, available bioactive specification is required to reduce scar formation, stimulate angiogenesis, and improve wound repair. In this study, we successfully fabricated chitosan (Ch)–based hydrogel enriched with isolated exosome (EXO) from easy‐accessible stem cells, which could promote fibroblast cell migration and proliferation in vitro. Full‐thickness excisional wound model was used to investigate the in vivo dermal substitution ability of the fabricated hydrogel composed Ch and EXO substrates. Our finding confirmed that the wounds covered with Ch scaffold containing isolated EXO have nearly 83.6% wound closure ability with a high degree of re‐epithelialization, whereas sterile gauze showed 51.5% of reduction in wound size. In summary, obtained results imply that Ch‐glycerol‐EXO hydrogel construct can be utilized at the full‐thickness skin wound substitution and skin tissue engineering.

Fabrication of chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol and silk electrospun fiber seeded with differentiated keratinocyte for skin tissue regeneration in animal wound model

“…Besides, we did not observed wound infection for treated conditions. It is expected that the antimicrobial effect of Ch due to destabilization of the outer membrane of gramnegative bacteria and permeabilization of the microbial plasma membrane be the reson for obtained results [3,29,[36][37][38][39]. However the antibacterial effect and possible mechanism of the combination therapy is required to study through agar plate method and bacteriostatic ring test [38,40].…”

Fabrication of chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol and silk electrospun fiber seeded with differentiated keratinocyte for skin tissue regeneration in animal wound model

“…Besides, we did not observed wound infection for treated conditions. It is expected that the antimicrobial effect of Ch due to destabilization of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria and permeabilization of the microbial plasma membrane be the reson for obtained results [3,29,[36][37][38][39]. However the antibacterial effect and possible mechanism of the combination therapy is required to study through agar plate method and bacteriostatic ring test [38,40].…”

“…This staining was used to recognize the progress of collagen synthesis during granulation tissue (GT) formation and matrix remodeling. The collagen bers were stained blue-green in MT staining method which the intensity of this color corresponds to the relative amount of deposited total collagen and re ects the advancement of collagen synthesis and remodeling [13,14,16,33,36]. The results indicated that among the experimental groups, the Ch-PVA + Silk with MSC-derived keratinocyte group had the greatest collagen synthesis.…”

Fabrication of chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol and silk electrospun fiber seeded with differentiated keratinocyte for skin tissue regeneration in animal wound model

“…Besides, we did not observed wound infection for treated conditions. It is expected that the antimicrobial effect of Ch due to destabilization of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and permeabilization of the microbial plasma membrane be the reson for obtained results [3,26,34,35].…”

“…This staining was used to recognize the progress of collagen synthesis during granulation tissue (GT) formation and matrix remodeling. The collagen bers were stained blue-green in MT staining method which the intensity of this color corresponds to the relative amount of deposited total collagen and re ects the advancement of collagen synthesis and remodeling [10,11,13,30,34]. The results indicated that among the experimental groups, the Ch-PVA + Silk with MSC-derived keratinocyte group had the greatest collagen synthesis.…”