Impact of Fault Current Limiter on VSC-HVDC DC Protection

Chang, Bin; Cwikowski, Oliver; Pei, Xiaoze; Barnes, Michael; Shuttleworth, R.; Smith, Alexander C.

doi:10.1049/cp.2016.0426

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, SFCL parameter optimization, economic performance analysis, design of electrical insulation are not yet investigated. Superconducting fault current limiters have been studied in VSC-HVDC systems [31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. A novel SFCL with both a superconducting coil and a resistance is presented for limiting rapidly growing current in VSC-HVDC systems during severe disturbances [32].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fault Ride-through Capability Enhancement of Voltage Source Converter-High Voltage Direct Current Systems with Bridge Type Fault Current Limiters

Alam

Abido

2017

Energies

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This paper proposes the use of bridge type fault current limiters (BFCLs) as a potential solution to reduce the impact of fault disturbance on voltage source converter-based high voltage DC (VSC-HVDC) systems. Since VSC-HVDC systems are vulnerable to faults, it is essential to enhance the fault ride-through (FRT) capability with auxiliary control devices like BFCLs. BFCL controllers have been developed to limit the fault current during the inception of system disturbances. Real and reactive power controllers for the VSC-HVDC have been developed based on current control mode. DC link voltage control has been achieved by a feedback mechanism such that net power exchange with DC link capacitor is zero. A grid-connected VSC-HVDC system and a wind farm integrated VSC-HVDC system along with the proposed BFCL and associated controllers have been implemented in a real time digital simulator (RTDS). Symmetrical three phase as well as different types of unsymmetrical faults have been applied in the systems in order to show the effectiveness of the proposed BFCL solution. DC link voltage fluctuation, machine speed and active power oscillation have been greatly suppressed with the proposed BFCL. Another significant feature of this work is that the performance of the proposed BFCL in VSC-HVDC systems is compared to that of series dynamic braking resistor (SDBR). Comparative results show that the proposed BFCL is superior over SDBR in limiting fault current as well as improving system fault ride through (FRT) capability.Moreover, VSC-HVDC offers a solution for many problems faced nowadays by power networks such as network congestion, grid reinforcement, multi-terminal DC (MTDC) operation and asynchronous operations of two different grids [10]. Different types of VSC topologies are proposed in the literature [11,12] including two level, three level and multilevel converters for HVDC transmission. Multilevel means more than two voltage levels can be achieved in one phase leg, which reduces the switching times of valve and makes the voltage wave form closer to a sinusoidal curve. Line to neutral voltage waveforms of both two-level and three-level converters with PWM are discussed and compared in [12].However, despite the numerous advantages, VSC-HVDC systems face difficulties in dealing with different grid faults [13]. Fault ride-through (FRT) capability enhancement is one of the main requirements for wind farm-integrated VSC-HVDC systems [14,15]. During system faults, bulk power interruptions must be avoided by keeping the HVDC system energized, otherwise, the system may face serious instability due to this bulk power interruption. Modular multilevel converter-based VSC-HVDC system topologies can provide enhanced fault ride-through capability [16]. In [17,18] FRT capability as well as transient stability improvement have been reported by applying various VSC control techniques. A power synchronization control technique has been proposed in [19] with coordination between wind turbines and HVDC controllers in order to achieve FRT ...

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confidence: 99%

“…A novel SFCL with both a superconducting coil and a resistance is presented for limiting rapidly growing current in VSC-HVDC systems during severe disturbances [32]. A DC protection scheme of multiterminal VSC-HVDC with resistive type SFCL was presented [34]. Resistive type SFCLs reduce the current rating of DC circuit breakers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fault Ride-through Capability Enhancement of Voltage Source Converter-High Voltage Direct Current Systems with Bridge Type Fault Current Limiters

Alam

Abido

2017

Energies

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“…In this case, a proactive hybrid DC CB with a superconducting fault current limiter in the main branch is proposed in [171] and the feasibility analysis of this configuration is performed in [172]. Also, the impact of superconducting fault current limiter on fault current interruption in MT-HVDC systems using continuous wavelet transform protection scheme and the proactive hybrid DC CB is investigated in [173]. It is shown that superconducting fault current limiter significantly reduces the DC fault current interruption requirements of hybrid DC CBs.…”

Section: Other Types Of DC Circuit Breakersmentioning

confidence: 99%

HVDC Circuit Breakers: A Comprehensive Review

Mohammadi

Rouzbehi

Hajian

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

106

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High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems are now well-integrated into AC systems in many jurisdictions. The integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) is a major focus and the role of HVDC systems is expanding. However, the protection of HVDC systems against DC faults is a challenging issue that can have negative impacts on the reliable and safe operation of power systems. Practical solutions to protect HVDC grids against DC faults without a widespread power outage include (1) using DC Circuit Breakers (CBs) to isolate the faulty DC-link, (2) using a proper converter topology to interrupt the DC fault current, and/or (3) using high power DC transformers and DC hubs at strategic points within DC grids. The application of HVDC CBs is identified as the best approach that satisfies both DC grids and connected AC grids' requirements. This paper reports a comprehensive review of HVDC CBs technologies, including recent significant attempts in the development of modern HVDC CBs. The functional analysis of each technology is presented. Additionally, different technologies based on information obtained from literature are compared. Finally, recommendations for the improvement of CBs are presented.

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“…Refs. [26][27][28][29] proposed an appropriate protection strategy applicable to a MTDC using both SFCL and DCCB; however, previously mentioned studies mainly focus on the combination of a resistive-type SFCL and a DCCB. Botong Li, et al studied a SI-SFCL applicable to a HVDC system, and a recent study dealt with the design key parameter selection method to satisfy the interrupting performance of a commercial hybrid DCCB through an equivalent model [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Operation Analysis of a Saturated Iron-Core Superconducting Fault Current Limiter and Circuit Breaker for an HVDC System Protection

et al. 2021

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Recently, in order to overcome the difficulties of interrupting fault currents in multi-terminal direct current systems (MTDC), studies combining a saturated iron-core type superconducting current limiter (SFCL) and a direct current circuit breaker (DCCB) have been conducted. However, the effect of inductance change of the SI-SFCL on the interrupting time of the DCCB during fault has not been studied yet. In this paper, the interrupting time delay caused by the dynamic behavior of the inductance change during the fault current blocking process of the SI-SFCL combined with a DCCB was analyzed through experiments and a new fault detection method considering this phenomenon was proposed. After designing and manufacturing the laboratory-scale SI-SFCL and DCCB, a fault current interrupting test was performed and the inductance change pattern of the SI-SFCL was analyzed. Based on the analysis results, a new fault detection technique was proposed to alleviate the interruption time delay that occurs when applying the combined protection system to a MTDC, and its effectiveness was verified through a simulation. These results will be useful for planning protection coordination strategies when introducing a SI-SFCL in combination with a DCCB in actual MTDC systems.

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Impact of Fault Current Limiter on VSC-HVDC DC Protection

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Fault Ride-through Capability Enhancement of Voltage Source Converter-High Voltage Direct Current Systems with Bridge Type Fault Current Limiters

Fault Ride-through Capability Enhancement of Voltage Source Converter-High Voltage Direct Current Systems with Bridge Type Fault Current Limiters

HVDC Circuit Breakers: A Comprehensive Review

Combined Operation Analysis of a Saturated Iron-Core Superconducting Fault Current Limiter and Circuit Breaker for an HVDC System Protection

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