Impact of Fe Content in Laboratory-Produced Soot Aerosol on its Composition, Structure, and Thermo-Chemical Properties

Abstract

Soot aerosol, which is a major pollutant in the atmosphere of urban areas, often contains not only carbonaceous matter but also inorganic material. These species, for example, iron compounds, originated from impurities in fuel or lubricating oil, additives or engine wear may change the physico-chemical characteristics of soot and hence its environmental impact. We studied the change of composition, structure, and oxidation reactivity of laboratory-produced soot aerosol with varying iron content. Soot types of various iron contents were generated in a propane/air diffusion flame by adjusting the doping amount of iron pentacarbonyl Fe(CO) 5 to the flame. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy-dispersive Xray spectroscopy (EDX) was combined with cluster analysis (CA) to separate individual particles into definable groups of similar chemical composition representing the particle types in dependence of the iron content in soot. Raman microspectroscopy (RM) and infrared spectroscopy were applied for the characterization of the graphitic soot structure, hydrocarbons, and iron species. For the analysis of soot reactivity, temperature-programmed oxidation

Sources of PM<sub>2.5</sub> carbonaceous aerosol in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

“…However, this shortcoming did not substantially influence the accuracy of the correction during subsequent carbon evolution. We note that premature evolution of EC, leading to an increasing laser signal in the inert environment due to the existence of refractory metal oxides, was observed in the studies of Wang et al (2012) and Bladt et al (2012). The increases in the corrected laser signal during the He stage in this study may be partially due to the same cause, as Riyadh samples contained abundant metal oxides.…”

Small-Scale Study of Siberian Biomass Burning: I. Smoke Microstructure

“…3.2). Such oxygen content is typical for soot produced by hydrocarbon and fossil fuel combustion (Kireeva et al, 2009;Bladt et al, 2012), and determinesthe hydrophobic character of soot interaction with water (Popovicheva et al, 2008). Bulk analysis confirmed the high EC fraction (68 and 63% in TC) with OC/EC ratios of 0.46 and 0.57 for pine and debris smoke, respectively.…”

“…Bulk chemical analysis of carbon fractions and ion content was performed to support the identification of particle types in the different groups (Niemi et al, 2006;Bladt et al, 2012;Popovicheva et al, 2012). OC and EC were determined by the NIOSH protocol with a maximum temperature of 840°C in the He-mode (NIOSH, 2003), by thermal-optical transmittance (TOT), using a Sunset carbon analyzer (Sunset Laboratory, Inc.).…”

Impact of Smoke Intensity on Size-Resolved Aerosol Composition and Microstructure during the Biomass Burning Season in Northwest Vietnam

“…Briefly, approximately 500-1000 individual particles with a diameter from 0.1 to 1 µm, from 1 to 2.5 µm, and from 2.5 to 10 µm were measured for the PM 1 , PM 1-2.5 and PM 2.5-10 size fractions, respectively. This number was considered to be sufficient for obtaining a representative overview of groups and types of particles (Liu et al, 2000;Bladt et al, 2012). In the PM 2.5 samples from on-field burning and cooking emissions the size range of measured particles was from 0.1 to 2.5 µm.…”