Impact of fog and cloud computing on an IoT service running over an optical/wireless network testbed

Silva, Aloizio P.; Abreu, Bernardo; Silva, Erik B.; Carvalho, Marcos; Nunes, M. Soares; Marotta, Marcelo Antônio; Hammad, Ali; Silva, Carlos F. M.; Pinheiro, J. F.; Both, Cristiano Bonato; Marquez-Barja, Johann M.; DaSilva, Luiz A.

doi:10.1109/infcomw.2017.8116434

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Recent work suggests the adoption of a hybrid fog/cloud solution in order to support latencysensitive IoT services [45,46]. The impact of the lack of processing power on the delay performance of an IoT service that relies on voice and gesture commands from the end-user to control a set of lights in a smart home or office has already been demonstrated [47].…”

Section: An Infrastructure To Support 5gmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Internet of Things, Fog and Cloud continuum: Integration and challenges

et al. 2018

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The Internet of Things needs for computing power and storage are expected to remain on the rise in the next decade. Consequently, the amount of data generated by devices at the edge of the network will also grow. While cloud computing has been an established and effective way of acquiring computation and storage as a service to many applications, it may not be suitable to handle the myriad of data from IoT devices and fulfill largely heterogeneous application requirements. Fog computing has been developed to lie between IoT and the cloud, providing a hierarchy of computing power that can collect, aggregate, and process data from/to IoT devices. Combining fog and cloud may reduce data transfers and communication bottlenecks to the cloud and also contribute to reduced latencies, as fog computing resources exist closer to the edge. This paper examines this IoT-Fog-Cloud ecosystem and provides a literature review from different facets of it: how it can be organized, how management is being addressed, and how applications can benefit from it. Lastly, we present challenging issues yet to be addressed in IoT-Fog-Cloud infrastructures. low latency, and mobile applications. The centralized cloud data centers are often physically and/or logically distant from the cloud client, implying communication and data transfers to traverse multiple hops, which introduces delays and consumes network bandwidth of edge and core networks [2].The widespread adoption of cloud computing, combined with the ever increasing ability of edge devices to run heterogeneous applications that generate and consume all kinds of data from a variety of sources, requires novel distributed computing infrastructures that can cope with such heterogeneous application requirements. Computing infrastructures that enact applications at edge devices have started to appear in recent years [3,4], improving aspects such as response time and reducing bandwidth use. Combining the ability of running smaller, localized applications at the edge with the high-capacity from the cloud, fog computing has emerged as an paradigm that can support heterogeneous requirements of small and large applications through multiple layers of a computational infrastructure that combines resources from the edge of the network as well as from the cloud [5].In this paper, we aim at identifying and reviewing the main aspects and challenges that make the combination of fog computing and cloud computing suitable for all kinds of applications leveraged by the Internet of Things. We discuss aspects from the infrastructure (processing, networking, protocols, and infrastructure for 5G support) to applications (smart cities, urban computing, and industry 4.0), passing through the management complexity of the distributed IoT-fog-cloud system (services, resource allocation and optimization, energy consumption, data management and locality, devices federation and trust, and business and service models).In the next section we introduce concepts and definitions for Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computi...

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Section: An Infrastructure To Support 5gmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Internet of Things, Fog and Cloud continuum: Integration and challenges

et al. 2018

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“…Yannuzi et al analyzed the requirements of some IoT applications and identified that running applications on data centers alone would not suffice for low delay applications. One of the reasons for that is the significant variations in the latencies on the network, which affect the overall delay noticed by the user . Based on the needs of IoT as well as some future 5G uses cases, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) proposed MEC, which then evolved into the Multi‐Access Edge computing Industry Specification Group .…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most works on MEC assume that the infrastructure to communicate with the IoT devices is already in place, instead focusing on how to decide where to execute the computation in order to respect a number of QoS constraints . Others investigate how to migrate the computation, eg, using containers or using compile‐assisted methods (eg, placing stubs to redirect the execution to other points of the network), as well as what is the impact of the migration on the QoS of IoT applications …”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the reasons for that is the significant variations in the latencies on the network, which affect the overall delay noticed by the user. 19 Based on the needs of IoT as well as some future 5G uses cases, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) proposed MEC, 17 which then evolved into the Multi-Access Edge computing Industry Specification Group * . This group will standardize an architecture that will provide small clouds (known in the literature as cloudlets or fog) within the Radio Access Network.…”

Section: State Of the Art In Iot Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 Others investigate how to migrate the computation, eg, using containers 21 or using compile-assisted methods (eg, placing stubs to redirect the execution to other points of the network), 22 as well as what is the impact of the migration on the QoS of IoT applications. 19 Table 1 summarizes the most relevant works in the literature proposing IoT platforms. The options marked as O indicate that the feature is optional, meaning that it may be implemented if required.…”

Section: State Of the Art In Iot Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ManIoT: A 2‐tier management platform for heterogeneous IoT devices and applications

et al. 2018

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Summary The Internet of Things (IoT) is a paradigm where devices can interact with each other via an Internet connection. One of the challenges of IoT is the heterogeneity of the devices and applications comprising the network. Each object can have different processing capabilities or employ different communication standards. Further, applications can control different sensors, and each application may have conflicting goals. Thus, IoT systems must employ a context‐aware platform that supports a variety of sensor protocols and is able to cope with many applications and devices at the same time. This paper presents a platform for managing devices and applications on the IoT, called Management for Internet of Things, which operates in local and global levels and considers the perception of context. A 2‐level approach allows the adoption of the platform for Mobile‐Edge Computing use cases, as well for the operation of large scale IoT applications. The evaluation of a prototype shows that Management for Internet of Things supports many applications and devices with a reduced resource usage.

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