Impact of Food-Derived Bioactive Compounds on Intestinal Immunity

Zimmermann, Christian; Wagner, Anika E.

doi:10.3390/biom11121901

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 139 publications

(163 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The reports from clinical and preclinical studies suggest that consumption of an optimal and routine intake of fruits and vegetables, which are rich in vitamins, minerals, fibers, and active molecules, is beneficial for the overall physical fitness, immune functions, and normal physiological functions of the body (1)(2)(3)(4). Fruits and vegetables contain a high level of antioxidants, which counteract the action of free radicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A positive correlation between the continuous intake of fruits and vegetables and the reduced risk of vascular diseases and cancers has been established (5)(6)(7). Fruit and vegetable nutrients, such as fiber and polyphenols, are known to affect the gut microbial composition (4,8). Gut microbiome realizes mutualistic relations with the gut, influencing the maturation of the immune system, modulating the responses to epithelial cell injury, affecting energy balance, and protecting against physiologic stress (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Modulation of gut microbiota: The effects of a fruits and vegetables supplement

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The consumption of an optimal amount of fruits and vegetables is known to improve physical fitness and physiological body functions. Healthy eating habits, including intake of fruits and vegetables, can modify gut microbiota. This study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of a formulated fruit and vegetable supplement (FVS) in modulating the antioxidant capacity and the gut microbiota composition. We enrolled 30 healthy volunteer subjects, matched for age, gender, BMI, and smoking habits, and randomized them into the FVS and the placebo (PLA) groups. Among the serum vitamins, the folic acid level was significantly higher (p = 0.001) in the FVS group than in the PLA group, whereas the vitamin B2 level was significantly higher in the PLA group than in the FVS group (p = 0.028). The antioxidant capacity, measured by using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) method, was also slightly higher in the FVS group than in the PLA group but did not reach statistical significance. The dietary intake, assessed by 24-h recalls, did not show any significant changes after the supplementation in both the groups. The gut microbiome composition, measured by 16S rDNA sequencing, showed no difference in both alpha and beta diversities, whereas the LEfse analysis revealed a microbial shift after the treatment, with a decreased abundance of the genus Ruminococcus from the Lachnospiraceae family (p = 0.009), and the unclassified genus from the family Erysipelotrichaceae (UC36, p = 0.003) in the FVS group compared with the PLA group (confirmed by SIAMCAT analysis, AUC = 74.1%). With a minor effect, the genus Faecalibacterium and unclassified genus and family from the order Lactobacillales (UC31) were also increased in the FVS group compared with the PLA group (p = 0.0474, p = 0.0352, respectively). SCFA measurement by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed an increased level of 2-methylbutyrate in the FVS group compared with the PLA group (p = 0.0385). Finally, the Spearman correlation analysis showed that in the FVS group, the genus Faecalibacterium positively correlated with 2-methyl butyrate (p = 0.040). In the PLA group, none of the significant bacteria correlated with either SCFA or serum biomarkers. The network analysis confirmed the positive correlation between genus Faecalibacterium and 2-methyl butyrate. We can conclude that the FVS in healthy individuals modified the gut microbiota composition and metabolites, and it can potentially contribute to reduce the pro-inflammatory response along with the antioxidant capacity.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of gut microbiota: The effects of a fruits and vegetables supplement

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mammalian intestinal tract plays a crucial role in many important processes, such as digestion, nutrient absorption, and immune function [ 1 ]. It houses a diverse community of microorganisms, many of which perform essential functions for host physiology, including providing microbial by-products as nutrients and contributing to immune regulation [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Intestinal Inflammation and Microbiota Dysbiosis of LPS-Challenged Piglets between Different Breeds

Li,

Wang,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Post-weaning diarrhea is common in piglets, causing huge economic losses worldwide. Associations between LPS challenge, intestinal inflammation, and microbiota have been reported in Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire (DLY) crossbred pigs. However, the effects of LPS challenge in other breeds remain unclear. In the current study, we performed a comprehensive comparative analysis of the effects of LPS challenge on jejunal mucosal morphology, jejunal microbial composition, and serum indexes in two pig breeds: DLY and Heigai, an indigenous Chinese breed. The results showed that LPS caused considerable damage to the mucosal morphology, enhanced serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and the intestinal permeability index, and lowered the antioxidant capacity index. LPS challenge also changed the microbial composition and structure of the jejunum, significantly increased the abundances of Escherichia-Shigella in DLY pigs, and decreased those of Gemella and Saccharimonadales in Heigai pigs. Furthermore, LPS challenge triggered functional changes in energy metabolism and activities related to the stress response in the jejunal bacterial community, alleviating the inflammatory response in Heigai pigs. This study also revealed that Heigai pigs had a weaker immune response to LPS challenge than DLY pigs, and identified several genera related to the breed-specific phenotypes of Heigai pigs, including Gemella, Saccharimonadales, Clostridia_UCG_014, Terrisporobacter, and Dielma. Our collective findings uncovered differences between Heigai and DLY pigs in intestinal inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis induced by LPS challenge, providing a theoretical basis for unraveling the mechanism of intestinal inflammation in swine and proposing microbial candidates involved in the resistance to diarrhea in piglets.

show abstract

“…They provide variety; necessary vitamins, minerals, fibre and phytochemicals [ 13 ]. Fibre and polyphenols are known to promote a healthy gut microbiota [ 14 , 15 ], and all the nutrients have health-promoting effects, including a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease [ 16 , 17 ], certain types of cancer [ 17 ] and cognitive disorders [ 18 ]. Given these benefits, the World Health Organization (WHO), recommends a daily intake of at least five portions (i.e., 400 g) of fruits and vegetables daily (excluding potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava, and other starchy roots) [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino Acid Analyses of Plant Foods Used in the Dietary Management of Inherited Amino Acid Disorders

Ford,

Ilgaz,

Hawker

et al. 2023

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A low amino acid (AA)/protein diet is the principal treatment for many inherited amino acid disorders (IMDs). Due to their low AA content, plant foods constitute an essential part of diet therapy. However, data on their AA composition are limited, which leads to an estimation of AA intake from protein content rather than an accurate calculation of true AA intake. This study describes the AA content of a total of 73 plant foods (fruits, n = 12; vegetables, n = 51; and other plant foods, n = 10), with the analysis commissioned by the UK National Society for Phenylketonuria (NSPKU) over 15 years. For all fruits and some vegetables (e.g., rocket, watercress and pea shoots), raw samples were used during analysis. All other vegetables were cooked prior to analysis to represent the usual condition of the food at the time of serving. AA analysis was performed with ion exchange chromatography. The median percentage of protein was 2.0% [0.6–5.4%] for the fruits and vegetables analysed (n = 56), although higher in vegetables than in fruits. Each of the five reported AAs (leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and methionine) supplied 1–5% per g of protein content. From the heterogeneous range of plant foods analysed, the AA/protein ratios differed significantly (2–5% in fruits and 1–9% in vegetables). There was a strong correlation between the amounts of each of the five AAs in the plant foods, but only a small, moderate correlation between the protein and AA content. Overall, this study provides data on the AA content of several plant foods, which are suitable for patients treated with a low AA/protein diet, including many novel plant options. However, only a limited range of fruits and vegetables were analysed due to the high costs of analysis. Hence, more extensive studies with an increased number of plant foods prepared by different cooking methods and replicate samples are necessary, particularly to examine the relationship between the protein and AA content in depth.

show abstract

Impact of Food-Derived Bioactive Compounds on Intestinal Immunity

Cited by 17 publications

References 139 publications

Modulation of gut microbiota: The effects of a fruits and vegetables supplement

Modulation of gut microbiota: The effects of a fruits and vegetables supplement

Comparative Analysis of Intestinal Inflammation and Microbiota Dysbiosis of LPS-Challenged Piglets between Different Breeds

Amino Acid Analyses of Plant Foods Used in the Dietary Management of Inherited Amino Acid Disorders

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About