Impact of Fusion Temperature on Hydrothermal Features of Flow within an Annulus Loaded with Nanoencapsulated Phase Change Materials (NEPCMs) during Natural Convection Process

Abstract

A new type of nanofluids is nanoencapsulated phase change materials (NEPCMs), where nanoparticles are made of a shell and a core. In the current study, characteristics of free convection flow, entropy generation, and heat transfer of NEPCMs in an enclosure are investigated. The enclosure is an annulus between concentric horizontal circular and square cylinders with a porous medium. The governing equations (i.e., continuity, energy, and momentum) are written in the nondimensional form and then numerically solved by the control volume finite element method (CVFEM). The results of the validation are in good agreement with those of the literature. The effects of decision variables on the entropy generation number and the average Nusselt number are investigated. The outcomes discovered that there is a maximum for Nu ave and a minimum for N gen at θ f = 0.4 for each value of the Stefan number. Also, Nu ave and ECOP increase by 8.8% and 24.8%, respectively, while N gen decreases by 12.8% when ϕ increases from 0 (pure fluid) to 0.05 at θ f = 0.4 .

Numerical Simulation and Sensitivity Analysis Using RSM on Natural Convective Heat Exchanger Containing Hybrid Nanofluids

“…Natural convection has typically happened because of the temperature variance and the buoyancy forces. Due to the simplicity and vast applications of natural convection heat transfer, at different times, frequent studies have previously been done [1][2][3][4][5][6]. To increase the efficiency of heat transmission in both natural and force convective thermal engineering processes, nowadays, nanofluid is imposed with common fluid into the fluid domain.…”

Evaluation of AGM and FEM method for thermal radiation on nanofluid flow between two tubes in nearness of magnetism field

“…The amount of radiation was also calculated while calculating the impact of the parameters of the Prandtl number and Nusselt number [ [35] , [36] , [37] , [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] , [42] , [43] , [44] ]. Also, researchers have conducted many studies in the field of heat flow analysis, displacement, and entropy effects around the semi-annular chamber with different nanofluids [ [45] , [46] , [47] , [48] ]. The primary purpose of this essay is to show the impact of magnetism purview aboard hydrothermal operation of nanofluid betwixt two tubes.…”