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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors affecting citizens’ intentions toward sustainable tourism based on a research model integrating two theories: protection motivation theory (PMT) and theory of interpersonal behavior (TIB). Design/methodology/approach After in-depth interviews with ten people, the authors determined the official research model and builds a complete survey. With the random sampling method, data were collected from 628 Vietnamese respondents at some schools, enterprises and supermarkets. Using the PLS-SEM method, measurement and structural models were evaluated before testing the research hypotheses about the influence of factors on intention toward sustainable tourism. Findings This paper shows that all constructs of the integrated model PMT-TIB are related to intention toward sustainable tourism, and response efficacy is the most influential factor among the factors included in the research model. PMT-TIB integration model is proven to be superior to the original PMT and TIB models when studying factors affecting intention toward sustainable tourism. Research limitations/implications The main limitation of this paper is that the PMT-TIB integration model only mentions motivational and interpersonal factors that influence intention toward sustainable tourism. Practical implications The findings indicate that state management agencies and enterprises need to develop specific action programs about each harmful environmental pollution caused by unsustainable tourism, raising awareness about the possibility of environmental protection through sustainable tourism. Originality/value This study contributes to the existing theoretical framework by integrating PMT and TIB for the first time in explaining intention toward sustainable tourism. This paper gives implications for Vietnam in particular and developing countries in general in promoting sustainable tourism intentions toward sustainable development according to the government’s goals.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors affecting citizens’ intentions toward sustainable tourism based on a research model integrating two theories: protection motivation theory (PMT) and theory of interpersonal behavior (TIB). Design/methodology/approach After in-depth interviews with ten people, the authors determined the official research model and builds a complete survey. With the random sampling method, data were collected from 628 Vietnamese respondents at some schools, enterprises and supermarkets. Using the PLS-SEM method, measurement and structural models were evaluated before testing the research hypotheses about the influence of factors on intention toward sustainable tourism. Findings This paper shows that all constructs of the integrated model PMT-TIB are related to intention toward sustainable tourism, and response efficacy is the most influential factor among the factors included in the research model. PMT-TIB integration model is proven to be superior to the original PMT and TIB models when studying factors affecting intention toward sustainable tourism. Research limitations/implications The main limitation of this paper is that the PMT-TIB integration model only mentions motivational and interpersonal factors that influence intention toward sustainable tourism. Practical implications The findings indicate that state management agencies and enterprises need to develop specific action programs about each harmful environmental pollution caused by unsustainable tourism, raising awareness about the possibility of environmental protection through sustainable tourism. Originality/value This study contributes to the existing theoretical framework by integrating PMT and TIB for the first time in explaining intention toward sustainable tourism. This paper gives implications for Vietnam in particular and developing countries in general in promoting sustainable tourism intentions toward sustainable development according to the government’s goals.
Recent decades have witnessed the sudden shift by majority of the people towards the use of refined oil for both domestic and commercial purposes to prevent them from heart attack, cholesterol, blood pressure, etc. However, cold pressed oil consumption is also attractive nowadays owing to its health benefits. This research study is significant to understand the customer preferences towards edible oil such as refined oil and cold-pressed oil. The study aimed to analyse the factors affecting the purchase decision of the customers towards refined oil and cold-pressed oil. The results revealed that the purchase of refined oil or cold-pressed oil depends upon the consumers’ interests, attitudes and their willingness to buy. The consumers of refined oil, cold-pressed oil or both preferred it for its quality and health benefits. There was a drastic shift from refined oil to cold-pressed oil, owing to health factors, advice from their doctors and peer influence. A majority of the respondents preferred using cold-pressed oil because they were influenced by their ancestors, advertisements and recommendations by friends and relatives. There was no significant difference in the preference of consumers towards the price factors of refined oil, cold-pressed oil or both. The customers of cold-pressed oil show greater preference towards it and like to continue the same as they are conscious about the health benefits. However, the packaging of the cooking oil should be taken care.
The onset of the 21st century witnessed a range of ecological challenges, including the preservation of resources, climate change, and global warming. These issues are closely linked to the negative consequences of certain business practices, which have had adverse effects on the economy, environment, and society. The concept of green marketing has gained significant prominence for promoting sustainable development in contemporary markets, both in India and other regions of the world. The primary objective of this paper is to conduct a comprehensive review of the pertinent literature pertaining to diverse facets of green marketing, the advantages associated with green marketing, and the manifold obstacles encountered in the implementation of green marketing. The present paper relies on secondary data obtained from diverse sources, such as research papers authored by various scholars, articles, journals, conference proceedings, periodicals, textbooks, and online resources. Hence, the present paper delves into the significance of green marketing, associated issues and obstacles, and proposes viable approaches to surmount them. The research findings suggest that the field is currently in its nascent phase and is confronted with several obstacles. As a result of this research, consumers’ green purchase decision pattern has been portrayed and also prospective dimensions of future studies have been recommended.
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