Impact of Harvest Lodging on Rough Rice Milling Yield and Market Price

Global rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation is expected to increase, especially in upland no‐tillage systems (NTS). The difficulty in producing and maintaining straw in NTS in the Brazilian Cerrado and comparative regions worldwide can be overcome by using cover crops in irrigated areas. The potential of straw accumulation, soil cover maintenance, and nutrient cycling is considered while choosing cover crop species, because these characteristics may interfere with subsequent crop cultivation. This study was conducted to determine whether cover crops could benefit the development, productivity, and industrial quality of upland rice grains irrigated by sprinklers and cultivated in succession. The experiment was conducted in the Cerrado, with a summer rainy season and a dry winter. The treatments consisted of six cover crops (millet [Pennisetum glaucum], sunn hemp [Crotalaria juncea], pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan], millet + sunn hemp, millet + pigeonpea, and fallow) sowed in winter or spring. Compared to fallow, the cover crops cultivated in winter or spring led to increased straw production, accumulation of approximately 150% more nitrogen in straw, and possibly improved rice nutritional value because of the higher N content. Rice plants cultivated after sunn hemp developed a greater dry mass than rice cultivated after the fallow treatment. Grain yield was not influenced by the cover crops. However, sunn hemp cultivation increased the milling yield, head rice yield, and the milled rice productivity (MRP), compared to cultivation following the fallow treatment. Cultivation of sunn hemp before the upland rice crop improved MRP compared to that following the fallow treatment.

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“…According to Salassi et al. (), rice quality and the actual productivity influence the market price of the rice and revenue of the area.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, sunn hemp was the cover crop species that most effectively benefited the cultivation of upland rice. According to Salassi et al (2013), rice quality and the actual productivity influence the market price of the rice and revenue of the area.…”

Section: Industrial Quality and Milled Rice Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Do cover crops improve the productivity and industrial quality of upland rice?

et al. 2020

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“…Lodging is a highly undesirable trait for rice as it slows harvesting operations, negatively impacts grain quality, and reduces grain yield . Salassi et al (2013) observed reductions in both whole grain rice milling yields (30.2 to 55.3 g kg -1 ) and total rice grain milling yields (7.8-10.9 g kg -1 ) when rice was manually lodged 5 to 7 d before fi eld drainage or 1 wk before harvest maturity. Modern, semi-dwarf rice varieties are generally considered to be more resistant to lodging than older tall varieties .…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Evaluation of Trinexapac‐Ethyl and Nitrogen Management to Minimize Lodging in Rice

et al. 2016

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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important crop in the midsouthern United States. However, some high‐yielding cultivars are highly susceptible to lodging. The plant growth regulator, trinexapac‐ethyl (TE), has been shown to decrease lodging in upland cereal crops, but data are scarce that demonstrate rice response to TE. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of TE on rice plant height, lodging, and grain yield. Experiments were established at multiple locations during the 2012 and 2013 growing seasons in Mississippi. Trinexapac‐ethyl was applied to a lodging‐susceptible rice cultivar at 12, 24, and 48 g a.i. ha−1 at two timings: panicle differentiation (R1) and R1 + 14 d. Rice response to TE was determined for rice that received 100% of N applied at V3 and rice that received a two‐way split N strategy (75% N at V3 and 25% at R1). On both clay and silt‐loam soils all rates of TE reduced plant height and lodging compared to nontreated rice. The effect of TE on rice grain yield was variable. On silt‐loam soils 12 g a.i. ha−1 TE resulted in rice grain yield similar to nontreated rice when applied at R1, but decreased grain yield when applied to rice at R1+ 14 d. The 48 kg a.i. ha−1 rate decreased rice grain yield on both soil textures. The results of this study indicate that trinexapac‐ethyl may be a useful tool to manage lodging, but further research is needed refine TE use guidelines in rice. Trinexapac‐ethyl decreased rice plant height and lodging on both clay and silt loam soils. Trinexapac‐ethyl at 12 g a.i. ha−1 did not decrease grain yield when applied at panicle differentiation on silt loam soils. Grain yield response to trinexapac‐ethyl varied by soil texture and N management strategy.

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“…This treatment significantly improves germination percentage, seedling emergence and seedling height and is especially important at sub-optimal temperatures (Dunand, 1992). As in small grains, lodging can also be a severe problem in intense rice production (Jennings and Sornchai, 1964;Moody, 1986;Nishiyama, 1986;Yoshinaga, 2005;Shibata and Takebayashi, 2007;Salassi et al, 2013). However, modern semi-dwarf cultivars produce relatively high yields, while being largely lodging-resistant.…”

Section: Ricementioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Regulators of Gibberellin Status and Their Application in Plant Production

Rademacher¹

2017

Annual Plant Reviews Online

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Gibberellins and inhibitors of their biosynthesis are widely used in modern agriculture, horticulture and viticulture. Their global market is in the range of US$ 500 million. The gibberellins GA 3 , GA 4 and GA 7 are primarily used to increase fruit yield and/or quality in fruit trees and table and wine grapes. Distinct steps of the gibberellin biosynthetic pathway can be inhibited by growth retardants: chlormequat and mepiquat chloride, ancymidol, flurprimidol, paclobutrazol, uniconazole, and the fungicides tebuconazole and metconazole and daminozide, trinexapac-ethyl and prohexadione-calcium are currently used in crop production. Growth retardants reduce shoot elongation, thereby lowering the risk of lodging in cereals, rice and oilseed rape, and making ornamentals more compact. A better canopy structure with improved formation of reproductive structures is induced in cotton and peanuts. In fruit and nut trees, less pruning is required and increases in crop yield and quality are obtained.

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Impact of Harvest Lodging on Rough Rice Milling Yield and Market Price

Cited by 32 publications

References 46 publications

Do cover crops improve the productivity and industrial quality of upland rice?

Do cover crops improve the productivity and industrial quality of upland rice?

Evaluation of Trinexapac‐Ethyl and Nitrogen Management to Minimize Lodging in Rice

Chemical Regulators of Gibberellin Status and Their Application in Plant Production

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