Impact of heat and drought stress on phenological development and yield in bread wheat

Yashavanthakumar, K. J.; Baviskar, Vijendra S.; Navathe, Sudhir; Patil, Ravindra; Bagwan, Juned H.; Bankar, D.; Gite, Vitthal D.; Krishnappa, Gopalareddy; Mishra, C. N.; Mamrutha, H. M.; Singh, Sanjay Kumar; Desai, S. A.; Singh, Gyanendra Pratap

doi:10.1007/s40502-021-00586-0

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This may be because of the decreased flow of nutrients into the roots induced by drought stress, which severely impaired root development and failed to provide favorable conditions for grain formation (Zhang et al, 2014). As described by Yashavanthakumar et al (2021), the reduction in the number of grains per spike and 1000‐grain weight was considerably greater under combined stress than under individual stresses. The imposition of combined stress heavily influenced wheat yield components, which could be attributed to turgor loss, a decreased photosynthetic rate, and reduced antioxidant system activity, leading to reduced biomass under drought stress.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Nitrogen mitigates the negative effects of combined heat and drought stress on winter wheat by improving physiological characteristics

Ru,

Hu,

Wang

2024

Physiologia Plantarum

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Extreme drought stress is often accompanied by heat stress after anthesis in winter wheat. Whether nitrogen (N) can mitigate the damage caused by combined stress on wheat plants by regulating root physiological characteristics is still unclear. Thus, this study aimed to study the effects of combined heat and drought stress on photosynthesis, leaf water relations, root antioxidant system, osmoregulatory, and yield in wheat to reveal the physiological mechanism of N regulating the adverse impacts of combined stress on wheat. Heat and drought stress markedly reduced photosynthesis, leaf water content, root vitality, and bleeding sap. The combination of heat and drought strengthens these changes. Within a certain stress range, the increase in soluble sugar and proline contents and the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase under combined stress effectively alleviated the oxidative damage. Compared with those under high N application (N3), wheat plants under low N application (N1) maintained higher yield and yield components under combined stress; the number of grains per spike, 1000‐grain weight, and yield increased by 13.65%, 9.07%, and 15.33%, respectively, under N1 compared with those under N3 treatment, which may be attributed to the greater maintenance of photosynthesis, leaf water status, root vitality, and antioxidant and osmoregulation capacities. In summary, reduced N application mitigated the damage caused by combined heat and drought stress in wheat by improving root physiological characteristics and enhanced adaptability to combined stress, which is an appropriate strategy to compensate for yield losses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Nitrogen mitigates the negative effects of combined heat and drought stress on winter wheat by improving physiological characteristics

Ru,

Hu,

Wang

2024

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…This finding was supported by the results of several studies that reported stay green QTLs that did not colocalize with genes involved in flowering time or vernalization [67][68][69][70][71]. Combined with a faster grain filling [72,73], the longer filling duration of hybrids is likely responsible for the accumulation of more resources in the grain, resulting in increased TKW and protein yield, and ultimately in a higher yield. Besides its interest for yield increase, early heading date might also help hybrids to escape environmental stresses, such as drought or high temperature, that are expected to become more and more frequent in the coming years, as a result of climate change [74].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Dissecting Bread Wheat Heterosis through the Integration of Agronomic and Physiological Traits

Gimenez

Argillier²,

Pierre³

et al. 2021

Biology

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To meet the challenge of feeding almost 10 billion people by 2050, wheat yield has to double by 2050. However, over the past 20 years, yield increase has slowed down and even stagnated in the main producing countries. Following the example of maize, hybrids have been suggested as a solution to overcome yield stagnation in wheat. However, wheat heterosis is still limited and poorly understood. Gaining a better understanding of hybrid vigor holds the key to breed for better varieties. To this aim, we have developed and phenotyped for physiological and agronomic traits an incomplete factorial design consisting of 91 hybrids and their nineteen female and sixteen male parents. Monitoring the plant development with normalized difference vegetation index revealed that 89% of the hybrids including the five higher yielding hybrids had a longer grain filling phase with a delayed senescence that results in larger grain size. This average increase of 7.7% in thousand kernel weight translated to a positive mid-parent heterosis for grain yield for 86% of hybrids. In addition, hybrids displayed a positive grain protein deviation leading to a +4.7% heterosis in protein yield. These results shed light on the physiological bases underlying yield heterosis in wheat, paving new ways to breed for better wheat hybrids.

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“…The post-grazing growth rate, however, was significantly lower or higher in grazed plots in dry and wet years, respectively [ 11 ]. Drought stress impacts phenology [ 39 ]. The delay in phenology did not penalize yield in our data; this could also be due to the fact that after clipping under both treatments, both cultivars could rely on a substantial amount of stored water (see Section 2.3 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root and Shoot Growth of a Modern and an Old Tall Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Variety under Dual-Purpose Management

Rossi¹,

Bitella

Bochicchio

et al. 2023

Plants

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In dual-purpose cereal systems, the co-production of fodder and grain can increase farm profitability and reduce farming risks. Our work evaluated shoot and root growth in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) under dual-purpose management in a medium-high rainfall area of southern Italy. We compared a modern variety (Core) with a tall ancient variety (Saragolle lucana) under traditional (NDP) and dual-purpose (DP) management and tested the hypothesis that clipping plants during the vegetative stage would reduce root growth and dewatering before anthesis, which is advantageous in drought-prone environments. Experiments were conducted in Bella (PZ), Basilicata region, southern Italy (40°42′ N, 15°32′ E) on a clay loam soil in 2021 in a split-plot design on 2 × 2 main plots and 1 × 2 split-plots with 6 replicates. The DP treatment consisted of simulated grazing by clipping plants at 5 cm from the ground 3 months after sowing (at first hollow stem). Forage Biomass was not different at p = 0.05 between varieties, with an average of 0.58 t ha−1 DM. Grain yield was not penalized by clipping (p = 0.05) and did not differ significantly between varieties. SPAD was always lower in the Saragolle variety and lowered by clipping. Defoliation delayed phenology in both cultivars but did not reduce the final number of spikes per square meter. Stomatal conductance was correlated to temperature, did not differ between cultivars, and was not influenced by clipping. Soil water depletion was monitored in modern wheat from the booting stage to the beginning of grain filling. Clipping did not result in a reduction in pre-anthesis water depletion, possibly due to evaporative losses. Root density was markedly reduced by clipping in core variety between 0.20 and 0.60 m and much less in Saragolle. Unclipped Saragolle produced thicker roots and higher root masses compared to clipped plants. Defoliated Saragolle shifted to finer roots, reducing root mass more than length. This may have reduced the metabolic cost of soil exploration, thereby increasing root foraging efficiency.

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Impact of heat and drought stress on phenological development and yield in bread wheat

Cited by 25 publications

References 35 publications

Nitrogen mitigates the negative effects of combined heat and drought stress on winter wheat by improving physiological characteristics

Nitrogen mitigates the negative effects of combined heat and drought stress on winter wheat by improving physiological characteristics

Dissecting Bread Wheat Heterosis through the Integration of Agronomic and Physiological Traits

Root and Shoot Growth of a Modern and an Old Tall Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Variety under Dual-Purpose Management

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