Impact of hepatitis C coinfection on cognitive outcomes in HIV-infected individuals

Paul, Robert; Letendre, Scott; Dearborn, Joshua T.

doi:10.1007/s11901-007-0017-4

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The data suggested above suggest that brain infection with HCV could potentially lead to free radical damage. Alternatively, it is possible that presence of HCV in the brain could produce an inflammatory cascade not very different from HIV (Forton et al 2008; Morgello 2005; Paul et al 2007). …”

Section: Hcv and The Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Abuse and Hepatitis C Infection as Comorbid Features of HIV Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Neurocognitive and Neuroimaging Features

Martin-Thormeyer

Paul

2009

Neuropsychol Rev

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Substance abuse and co-infection with hepatitis C (HCV) are two highly relevant determinants of neurocognitive and neuroimaging abnormalities associated with HIV. Substance abuse and HCV are common in the HIV population and there is increasing evidence that the CNS is directly compromised by these comorbid conditions via additive or synergistic processes. In this article we review the current literature regarding mechanisms of neuronal injury as well as the neuropsychological and neuroimaging signatures associated with substance abuse and HCV status among HIV patients. We discuss specific methodological challenges and threats to validity associated with studies of HIV and comorbid substance use disorders or HCV and review potential strategies for minimizing their confounding effects. Efforts to understand the interactions between HIV, substance abuse and HCV co-infection will lead to more complete models of neuropathogenesis of HIV and a greater understanding of the variability in neuropsychological expression of HIV Associated Neurocognitive Disorder.

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Section: Hcv and The Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Abuse and Hepatitis C Infection as Comorbid Features of HIV Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Neurocognitive and Neuroimaging Features

Martin-Thormeyer

Paul

2009

Neuropsychol Rev

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“…The specific etiology of increased neurocognitive dysfunction in persons with co-infection is unknown. As noted above, substance use alone cannot explain the additive effect, nor can depression or fatigue [38]. It is likely that a synergistic effect of the two viruses is responsible [41].…”

Section: Hiv/hcv Co-infection and Psychiatrymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Reaction time and processing speed are slower in persons with co-infection than in persons who have either HIV or hepatitis C monoinfection [19,[33][34][35]. In studies examining the effect of hepatitis C on neurocognitive functioning in persons with HIV with comorbid substance use, hepatitis C has been found to negatively affect neurocognitive functioning, even after considering HIVrelated variables and substance use [36][37][38]. Richardson et al [35] found that 52.9% (37/70) of women using drugs and who had co-infection exhibited clinically significant neurocognitive dysfunction compared with 37.3% (28/75) who had HIV infection alone and 37.0% (10/27) who had HCV infection alone.…”

Section: Hiv/hcv Co-infection and Psychiatrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Comorbid HIV/HCV

Pereira

Faragon

Douaihy³

et al. 2021

HIV Psychiatry

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“…HCV infection might impact cognition [42,43] through direct neurotoxicity, neuroin ammation, and hepatic encephalopathy [42][43][44]. HCV/HIV coinfection has been associated with worse cognition than either HIV or HCV monoinfection [45][46][47].…”

Section: Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychiatric and Laboratory Outcomes of Hepatitis C Treatment in an Early-Treated HIV Cohort in Thailand

Ocampo,

Sacdalan,

Pinyakorn

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection may further compromise immunological and cognitive function in people with HIV (PWH). This study compared laboratory and neuropsychiatric measures across the periods of HCV seroconversion and direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy with sustained virologic response (SVR) among PWH who initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) during acute HIV infection (AHI) and acquired HCV after 24 weeks of ART. Methods Participants from the RV254 AHI cohort underwent paired laboratory and neuropsychiatric assessments during regular follow-up. The former included measurements of CD4 + and CD8 + T-cell counts, HIV RNA, liver enzymes, and lipid profiles. The latter included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Distress Thermometer (DT), and a 4-test cognitive battery that evaluated psychomotor speed, executive function, fine motor speed and dexterity. The raw scores in the battery were standardized and averaged to create an overall performance (NPZ-4) score. Parameters of HCV-coinfected participants were compared across HCV seroconversion and DAA treatment groups. Results Between 2009 and 2022, 79 of 703 RV254 participants acquired HCV after ≥ 24 weeks of ART; 53 received DAA, and 50 (94%) achieved SVR. All participants were Thai males (median age: 30 years); 34 (68%) denied past intravenous drug use, and 41 (82%) had a history of other sexually transmitted infections during follow-up. Following SVR, aspartate transferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) decreased (p < 0.001), while total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides increased (p < 0.01). The median CD4+/CD8 + ratio increased from 0.91 to 0.97 (p = 0.012). NPZ-4 improved from 0.75 to 0.91 (p = 0.004). The median DT score increased from 1.7 to 2.7 (p = 0.045), but the PHQ-9 score remained unchanged. Conclusion HCV coinfection is common in this group of high-risk PWH, highlighting the need for regular screening, early diagnosis, and treatment. There was a modest improvement in the CD4+/CD8 + T-cell ratio and cognitive performance after DAA therapy in patients who achieved SVR. Future studies should examine potential neuropsychiatric impacts during early HCV infection as well as the longer-term neuropsychiatric outcomes after DAA treatment with SVR.

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Impact of hepatitis C coinfection on cognitive outcomes in HIV-infected individuals

Cited by 7 publications

References 56 publications

Drug Abuse and Hepatitis C Infection as Comorbid Features of HIV Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Neurocognitive and Neuroimaging Features

Drug Abuse and Hepatitis C Infection as Comorbid Features of HIV Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Neurocognitive and Neuroimaging Features

Treatment of Comorbid HIV/HCV

Neuropsychiatric and Laboratory Outcomes of Hepatitis C Treatment in an Early-Treated HIV Cohort in Thailand

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