Impact of high dose n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid treatment on measures of microvascular function and vibration perception in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from the randomised WELCOME trial

McCormick, Keith; Scorletti, Eleonora; Bhatia, Lokpal; Calder, Philip C.; Griffin, Michael J.; Clough, Geraldine F.; Byrne, Christopher D.

doi:10.1007/s00125-015-3628-2

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Patients with NAFDL and DM2 were supplemented using the same dosage of 4 g/day for 15–18 months of n-3 PUFAs and were evaluated on the threshold of vibration perception and microvascular cutaneous reactivity, which are indicators of early complications of DM2, insulin resistance, and obesity. The treatment resulted in a slight improvement in the threshold of vibration perception, but not associated with DM2 [ 191 ].…”

Section: Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Novel Dietary Supplements and Food Ingredients in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

et al. 2018

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Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by interconnected factors related to metabolic disturbances, and is directly related to the occurrence of some diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. MetS is described as one or both of insulin resistance and visceral adiposity, considered the initial causes of abnormalities that include hyperglycemia, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, elevated inflammatory markers, and prothrombotic state, as well as polycystic ovarian syndrome in women. Other than in MetS, visceral adiposity and the pro-inflammatory state are also key in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is the most prevalent chronic liver disease in modern society. Both MetS and NAFLD are related to diet and lifestyle, and their treatment may be influenced by dietary pattern changes and the use of certain dietary supplements. This study aimed to review the role of food ingredients and supplements in the management of MetS and NAFLD specifically in human clinical trials. Moreover, bioactive compounds and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may be used as strategies for preventing the onset of and treatment of metabolic disorders, such as MetS and NAFLD, improving the inflammatory state and other comorbidities, such as obesity, dyslipidemias, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD).

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Section: Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Novel Dietary Supplements and Food Ingredients in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

et al. 2018

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“…Besides sensory nerves, the second mechanism involves the epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, one of the main endothelium‐derived hyperpolarizing factors . Despite this physiological mechanism, oral supplementation with high doses of epoxyeicosatrienoic and docosahexaenoic acids does not improve PORH in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease . A recent meta‐analysis showed an overall neutral effect of COX inhibition on skin PORH , suggesting no involvement of prostanoids.…”

Section: Which Dynamic Tests Are Commonly Used?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Methods to Assess Human Cutaneous Blood Flow: An Updated Focus on Laser‐Based‐Techniques

2016

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Several noninvasive techniques have been developed using laser light interaction in the skin to explore the skin's microcirculation. Combined with laser Doppler or LSCI, reactivity tests are used to explore skin endothelial and neurovascular function in humans, including PORH, LTH, PIV, and iontophoresis of vasodilators. Recent advances in our comprehension of the physiological pathways underlying these reactivity tests have been possible through topical or intradermal delivery of drugs that produce elevated local concentrations. Skin microvascular function has also been proposed as a prognostic biomarker or for evaluating the effect of drugs. Comprehension of the physiological pathways, together with recent technological improvements in microcirculation imaging, has provided reliable and reproducible tools to study skin microcirculation.

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“…However, a recent meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) concluded that n-3PUFA supplementation has little effect on the prevention of T2D in humans [3], and evidence for preventing T1D remains preliminary and limited to animal studies [4]. In murine models, research has shown that increased n-3PUFA intake reduces the risk of microvascular complications in vivo [5], and some studies [6,7], although not all [8], have shown n-3PUFA supplementation improves biomarkers of vascular health and metabolic parameters in people with T2D [9,10]. However, RCTs investigating n-3PUFA supplementation in T2D have failed to show reductions in major vascular events [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation versus placebo on vascular health, glycaemic control, and metabolic parameters in people with type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled preliminary trial

O’Mahoney

Dunseath

Churm

et al. 2020

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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Background: The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFA), and the potential impact of n-3PUFA supplementation, in the treatment and management of type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains unclear and controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the efficacy of daily high-dose-bolus n-3PUFA supplementation on vascular health, glycaemic control, and metabolic parameters in subjects with T1D. Methods: Twenty-seven adults with T1D were recruited to a 6-month randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Subjects received either 3.3 g/day of encapsulated n-3PUFA or encapsulated 3.0 g/day corn oil placebo (PLA) for 6-months, with follow-up at 9-months after 3-month washout. Erythrocyte fatty acid composition was determined via gas chromatography. Endpoints included inflammation-associated endothelial biomarkers (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 [VCAM-1], intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1], E-selectin, P-selectin, pentraxin-3, vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]), and their mediator tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFα] analysed via immunoassay, vascular structure (carotid intima-media thickness [CIMT]) and function (brachial artery flow mediated dilation [FMD]) determined via ultrasound technique, blood pressure, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and postprandial metabolism. Results: Twenty subjects completed the trial in full. In the n-3PUFA group, the mean ± SD baseline n-3PUFA index of 4.93 ± 0.94% increased to 7.67 ± 1.86% (P < 0.001) after 3-months, and 8.29 ± 1.45% (P < 0.001) after 6-months. Total exposure to n-3PUFA over the 6-months (area under the curve) was 14.27 ± 3.05% per month under n-3PUFA, and 9.11 ± 2.74% per month under PLA (P < 0.

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Impact of high dose n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid treatment on measures of microvascular function and vibration perception in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from the randomised WELCOME trial

Abstract: The study was funded by the National Institute for Health Research UK and Diabetes UK.

Cited by 19 publications

References 51 publications

An Overview of Novel Dietary Supplements and Food Ingredients in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

An Overview of Novel Dietary Supplements and Food Ingredients in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Current Methods to Assess Human Cutaneous Blood Flow: An Updated Focus on Laser‐Based‐Techniques

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation versus placebo on vascular health, glycaemic control, and metabolic parameters in people with type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled preliminary trial

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