Impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on oral manifestations of patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immuno deficiency syndrome in South India

Rao, K. V. S. Eswara; Chitturi, Ravi Teja; Kattappagari, Kiran Kumar; Kantheti, Lalith Prakash Chandra; Poosarla, Chandrasekhar; Baddam, Venkat Ramana Reddy

doi:10.4103/0253-7184.156703

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Studies on effects of HAART on oral changes, Candida species and salivary gland function had been reported from several countries, including Thailand, with various results (1,18). These could be because differences in study population, HAART regimens and study methods.…”

Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral manifestations, salivary flow rates and Candida species in Thai HIV-infected patients

et al. 2019

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BackgroundEffects of various Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) regimens on oral heath are unclear. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate effects of HAART on oral manifestations, salivary flow rates (SFR) and Candida species in HIV-infected patients who took mostly non-protease inhibitor-based HAART regimens.Material and MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed on HIV-infected patients taking and never taken HAART who attended Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre (n = 48). Non-HIV subjects were recruited as control (n = 20). Oral conditions and salivary flow rates were evaluated using oral examination and measurement of unstimulated and stimulated saliva. In addition, Candida colonization counts (colony forming units; CFUs) and Candida species from the collected saliva were evaluated using CHROMagar.ResultsThe most common oral manifestation in HIV-infected subjects taking HAART was hyperpigmentation. Unstimulated and stimulated SFR among the three groups were not statistically significant. Candida colonization was detected in 64%, 65% and 35% of HIV-infected subjects taking HAART, HAART-naïve, and non-HIV subjects, respectively. While 20% and 35% of HIV-infected subjects with and without HAART, respectively, had Candida CFUs higher than 500/ml, all non-HIV carriers had Candida CFUs lower than 500/ml. The most common Candida colonization species was C. albicans in HAART and non-HIV groups. Interestingly, HAART-naïve group was colonized more by non-albicans species.ConclusionsHAART has minimal effects on oral health. While HAART may not prevent Candida colonization, it might lead to reduction of non-albicans species. Because maintaining low Candida counts is important, HAART administration and antifungal sensitivity test should be considered in HIV-infected patients. Key words:HIV, Candida, HAART, Oral manifestation, Salivary flow rates.

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Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral manifestations, salivary flow rates and Candida species in Thai HIV-infected patients

et al. 2019

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“…Fato que implicou na mitigação das manifestações orais associadas ao HIV, em especial dos casos de candidíase oral e LPO, devido aos efeitos da terapia. Por outro lado, pesquisadores apontam que a HAART pode incitar a prevalência de HMO, xerostomia, hipertrofia de glândula salivar e verrugas vulgares (GREENSPAN et al, 2001;RAO et al, 2015). Ademais, com a atual mudança do perfil epidemiológico dos infectados pelo HIV, mulheres, jovens e idosos, certo descaso foi percebido, resultando na recrudescência do vírus e das manifestações orais associadas.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Manifestações orais do HIV: indicadores para diagnóstico e monitoramento da infecção

Wanderley,

Barin

2024

CLCS

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A infecção recrudecente pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) tem exigido esforços contínuos de pesquisadores, gestores de saúde e sociedade civil na elaboração de políticas e estratégias para sua mitigação. O uso de indicadores orais para diagnóstico precoce, destaca-se como uma ferramenta útil na luta contra o vírus e seus efeitos na saúde pública. O conhecimento e identificação das manifestações orais associadas ao HIV podem auxiliar no diagnóstico, melhorar a qualidade de vida e reduzir a taxa de mortalidade desses indivíduos. Este trabalho objetiva detalhar as principais manifestações orais associadas ao HIV. As bases de dados consultadas foram Pubmed, LILACS e Scielo. As palavraschave utilizadas foram: “Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana”, “Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida”, “Manifestações Bucais”, “CD4” e/ou “Linfócitos T”. As manifestações orais em pacientes infectados por HIV podem ser de origem fúngica, bacteriana, viral e neoplásica. As principais lesões incluem candidíase oral e queilite angular; gengivite e periodontite ulcerativas necrosantes; herpes simples vírus e leucoplasia pilosa oral; sarcoma de Kaposi e linfoma não Hodgkin. Outra forma de identificação do HIV foi relacionar o surgimento das lesões orais à contagem de linfócitos T CD4+. A candidíase pseudomembranosa, eritema linear gengival, linfoma não Hodkin apresentam relação significativa com CD4+ < 200 células/mm³. O sarcoma de Kaposi está relacionado à progressão da AIDS, associado ao CD4+ < 150 células/mm³. A disseminação deste conhecimento entre os profissionais de saúde e população em geral, representa uma abordagem integrada, que combina esforços para mitigar o HIV identificando e relacionando as patologias orais à infecção pelo HIV.

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“…Polysomnography was used to diagnosis OSA. 8 – 10 This procedure included reports, electrocardiography, omental and pretibial electromyography, electro-oculography, electroencephalography, arterial oxygen saturation (SaO 2 ) of oral and nasal respiration, and chest movement. An integrated top airflow for at least 10 seconds was defined as an episode of apnea.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide in obstructive sleep apnea in adults

et al. 2020

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Objective This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), and to assess the effect of risk factors of airway inflammation on OSA. Methods Medical records of patients in the Respiratory Sleep Center at Chao-Yang Hospital in Beijing between January 2015 and June 2017 were analyzed. All patients were diagnosed with OSA. Data of the medical history, clinical examinations, FENO, and upper airway computed tomographic findings were collected. Logistic regression was used to evaluate risk factors of OSA. Results A total of 181 patients were admitted to the Respiratory Sleep Center during the study and 170 had a diagnosis of OSA and were included in the study. Single factor analysis showed that male sex, age, body mass index, smoking index, alcohol consumption, FENO, soft palate thickness, soft palate length, the narrowest transverse diameter of the upper airway, tonsil size, and nasal sinusitis were risk factors for sleep-disordered breathing and disease severity. Conclusions Male sex, age, body mass index, FENO, the narrowest transverse diameter of the upper airway, and normal tonsil size are associated with OSA and disease severity. The severity of OSA is associated with FENO levels.

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Impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on oral manifestations of patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immuno deficiency syndrome in South India

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Oral manifestations, salivary flow rates and Candida species in Thai HIV-infected patients

Oral manifestations, salivary flow rates and Candida species in Thai HIV-infected patients

Manifestações orais do HIV: indicadores para diagnóstico e monitoramento da infecção

Risk factors and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide in obstructive sleep apnea in adults

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