Impact of highway design on traffic safety: How geometric elements affect accident risk

Garnaik, Mohita Mohan; Giri, Jyoti Prakash; Panda, Arnapurna

doi:10.19040/ecocycles.v9i1.263

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Garnaik [64] studied 70 km of roads and found that geometric elements of road alignment, such as superelevation, radius, K-value, distance/visibility of sight and vertical gradient, are very significant in causing accidents on both plain and rolling roads as well as mountainous and steep terrain. Meanwhile, the horizontal arc length, deflection angle, vertical curve length, and rate of change of superelevation are insignificant to accidents on both the highway and mountainous and steep terrain.…”

Section: Road Geometric and Road Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Road Accident Hotspots on Jordan’s Highway Based on Geometric Designs Using Structural Equation Modeling

et al. 2023

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One of the primary objectives of transportation engineering is to increase the safety of road infrastructure. This study seeks to determine the relationship between geometric design parameters in relation to road accident criteria based on accident hotspots on Jordan’s Desert Highway. The road accident data (from 2016 to 2019) were collected from the Jordan Traffic Department. The spatial pattern of hotspots was identified using a GIS tool named Getis-Ord Gi* based on the severity index of road accidents. A topographic survey was conducted to investigate the road alignment and intersections at hotspot locations. The study utilized the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique via SmartPLS to highlight the correlation between geometric designs in relation to road accidents. The hotspot analysis (Gits-Ord Gi) discovered 80 road accident hotspots along the highway. The study found that horizontal alignment and road intersections significantly impact road accidents in hotspot locations. Furthermore, vertical alignment has no effect on road accidents in hotspot areas. The study enhanced the comprehension of the factors associated with road geometrics and intersections that affect the occurrence of road accidents.

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Section: Road Geometric and Road Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Road Accident Hotspots on Jordan’s Highway Based on Geometric Designs Using Structural Equation Modeling

et al. 2023

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“…3D alignment models provide a more comprehensive understanding of the driving experience. Tey enable designers to visualize clear-sight triangles, simulate curves and grades, identify concealed dangers, and analyze collisions from multiple angles [26]. Studies have demonstrated that 3D alignment design signifcantly improves safety over 2D methods [23].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Evaluation for Highway Geometric Design Based on Spatial Path Properties

Wang

2023

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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Safety is an important aspect of road design. In highway geometric design, road engineers use a two-stage design method due to its convenience, but the available two-dimensional design tools on the market are believed to impose limitations. Horizontal and vertical alignment parameters are considered and determined at the designer’s discretion, potentially downplaying the three-dimensional characters of spatial curves. This study focuses on the three-dimensional characteristics of highway alignments and investigates a safety evaluation method to establish the relationship between crash rate and spatial curve properties. This will necessitate an analytical investigation into the effects of higher-order properties, such as curvature and torsion, on the geometry of spatial Cartesian curves. First, these combinations of horizontal and vertical alignments were categorized into six classifications, each with its own spatial expression in mathematical form. After manipulating the curvature and torsion of the spatial curve algebraically, the correlation between geometric design variables and crash rate was ultimately established. A few cases involving geometric design data and crash facts were utilized for verification. The results revealed a considerable positive correlation between curvature or torsion variance and crashes per million vehicles kilometers, as a slight difference between curvature and torsion could also be spotted. And curvature distribution is correlated with collision frequency more closely than torsion spatial variation.

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Interactive effects of elevation difference, slope variation, and terrain formation on road traffic crashes occurrences using triangular irregular network

Jima,

Sipos

2024

Engineering Reports

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Numerous factors contribute to traffic crashes, which result in fatalities and injuries. Road traffic crashes and their severity level are likely caused by variations in elevation, slope, and terrain formation. As far as our knowledge is concerned, the triangular irregular network (TIN) was not used to analyze dangerous zones of the road network with respect to traffic crashes' location. The main purpose of this study was to investigate a dangerous road network that was affected by traffic crashes using TIN. To address the goal, this study used elevation differences slope variation, and terrain between road traffic crash locations. The study used the intersection zone road network coordinates of traffic crashes in the city of Budapest that were recorded from 2017 to 2021. Using tools like ArcGIS and MS Excel, the study organized, modeled, and analyzed the data. Geometrical interval classification was used to classify the data in accordance with the characteristics of elevation deference and slope variation. Both inferential and descriptive statistics were engaged to explain, analyze, and summarize the findings. The results of this study demonstrated that the majority of traffic crashes occurred in locations with lower elevations and their differences, steeper/cliff slopes between points, and flat terrain. The finding was in contrast to what was observed in other studies. This study advocates that TIN is the optimal method and substitute for analyzing the risky zone of the road network at macroscopic level.

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Impact of highway design on traffic safety: How geometric elements affect accident risk

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Road Accident Hotspots on Jordan’s Highway Based on Geometric Designs Using Structural Equation Modeling

Road Accident Hotspots on Jordan’s Highway Based on Geometric Designs Using Structural Equation Modeling

Safety Evaluation for Highway Geometric Design Based on Spatial Path Properties

Interactive effects of elevation difference, slope variation, and terrain formation on road traffic crashes occurrences using triangular irregular network

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