Impact of Hudson Bay on the energy balance in the Hudson Bay Lowlands and the potential for climatic modification

Rouse, Wayne R.; Bello, Richard

doi:10.1080/07055900.1985.9649234

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The results from the third objective are presented in a companion paper (Weick and Rouse, 1991). Previous studies have indicated that advection from a cold sea has a strong impact on the surface energy balance in the Hudson and James Bay Lowlands during the growing season (Rouse, 1984a;Rouse and Bello, 1985;Rouse et al, 1987;Lafleur and Rouse, 1988). These studies have indicated, in general, that onshore marine air flow serves to suppress the latent heat flux and enhance the sensible heat flux, the two largest fluxes in the energy balance at the surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Advection in the Coastal Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canada. I. The Terrestrial Surface Energy Balance

Weick¹,

Rouse²

1991

Arctic and Alpine Research

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. INSTAAR, University of Colorado andThe Regents of the University of Colorado, a body corporate, contracting on behalf of the University of Colorado at Boulder for the benefit of INSTAAR are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Arctic and Alpine Research. ABSTRACTThe effects of advection, from a cold polar sea to a warmer terrestrial surface, on the energy balance in the surface boundary layer are reported. Results indicate that mesoscale advective influences are strongly developed. Over a 10-km coastal zone, Bowen ratios (I) decrease exponentially inland, 2.7 fold during onshore winds and 1.8 fold during offshore winds. This decrease is due both to boundary layer adjustments to a new surface under onshore winds and to horizontal and vertical convergence and divergence in the atmosphere under all wind conditions. Horizontal convergence and divergence is most evident near the coast. The former is most common during periods of low wind speed and the latter during stronger winds. The strongest mesoscale advective impacts on the turbulent fluxes occur within 10 km of the coast. Although in hummocky tundra, the surface may appear to be saturated because of standing water, the drier hummocks serve to reduce the average surface vapor pressure substantially below saturation and thus to reduce the latent heat flux.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Advection in the Coastal Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canada. I. The Terrestrial Surface Energy Balance

Weick¹,

Rouse²

1991

Arctic and Alpine Research

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“…This arises because cold temperatures correlate with the mesoscale advection of moist air that originates over Hudson Bay, whereas warm temperatures are associated with air of lower relative humidity, which is advected from the interior of the continent (Rouse and Bello, 1985;Rouse et al, 1987).…”

Section: Seasonal Precipitation Temperature and Vapour Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of summer warming on the energy and water balance of wetland tundra

1992

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Measurements, made at a high subarctic, maritime, wetland tundra site, are presented for three different growing seasons. These are divided into hot-dry, normal-dry and normal-wet years and the behaviour of their surface energy and water balances is examined within the framework of a combination model. For periods of comparable energy availability, evapotranspiration during hot-dry conditions can be larger than during cooler and wetter periods. This results from small stomatal resistance in the sparse canopy of well-rooted sedges, and from the ability of peat soils to supply water under conditions of large atmospheric demand. This demand is expressed in terms of the vapour pressure deficit and it counteracts the large surface resistances which develop during dry periods. In many respects, the energy balance of a subarctic wetland tundra is comparable to observations and models for temperate agricultural and forest lands, in spite of the fact that the soils are organic, the vegetation canopy is sparse and there is continuous permafrost. A dry year promotes deeper thaw depths in the permafrost soils, during the growing season, than does a wet one. This is due to larger ground heat fluxes and larger soil thermal diffusivities. We concluded that maritime, wetland tundra, growing on peat soils, displays feedback mechanisms, which can offset the effects of moisture stress, caused by summer climate warming of a similar magnitude to that simulated by General Circulation Models for a 2 x CO 2 scenario.

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“…The role of advection in a marine environment was considered by Rouse and Bello (1985)) and Rouse et al (1987). They found that cold onshore winds enhance the sensible heat flux over the latent flux.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaporation from a blanket bog in a foggy coastal environment

Price

1991

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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Frequent fog severely restricts evaporation from blanket bogs in Newfoundland because it more than halves the radiant energy input, and it eliminates the vapor pressure deficit, resulting in evaporation at the equilibrium rate (average a = 0.99 during fog). During these periods, there is no surface resistance to evaporation because the bog has been wetted by fog drip, and although the latent heat flux dominates over sensible heat (average p = 0.8), both are small. In contrast, the surface dries during clear periods, increasing the surface resistance to evaporation so that sensible heat becomes more important (p = 1.05). When the mosses are dry, evaporation is below the equilibrium rate (a = 0.87), although the higher available energy ensures that actual evaporation is higher. During clear periods, daily evaporation averaged 2.5 mm, compared to 1.1 and 0.7 mm for fog and rain, respectively. The suppressed evaporation at this site is important in maintaining appropriate hydrological conditions for blanket bog development.

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Impact of Hudson Bay on the energy balance in the Hudson Bay Lowlands and the potential for climatic modification

Cited by 32 publications

References 6 publications

Advection in the Coastal Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canada. I. The Terrestrial Surface Energy Balance

Advection in the Coastal Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canada. I. The Terrestrial Surface Energy Balance

Impacts of summer warming on the energy and water balance of wetland tundra

Evaporation from a blanket bog in a foggy coastal environment

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