Impact of hydrogen refueling configurations and market parameters on the refueling cost of hydrogen

Reddi, Krishna; Elgowainy, Amgad; Rustagi, Neha; Gupta, Erika

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.05.122

Cited by 194 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Alternatively, H 2 can be produced on‐site, commonly by a steam methane reformer (SMR) or an electrolyzer using preferably renewable electricity, and stored until further consumption on‐site . Hydrogen production (on‐site or off‐site) is a usual characterization criterion for HRSs, together with the state of the H 2 that is supplied to the station in an off‐site configuration (gas or liquid, in which case it is stored in an on‐site cryogenic tank, refilled by a liquid H 2 tanker) . Every HRS responds to particular sizing and operating needs , as it can be dimensioned to fulfill different H 2 demands and requirements, depending on its locations and builder's criteria: for instance, seasonal, daily, hourly‐following HRS demand, different selected levels of storage pressure (and thus, a number of compression steps) or the use of a cascade FCEV charging system , .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Pilot SOFC System for the Combined Production of Hydrogen and Electricity under Refueling Station Requirements

et al. 2019

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The objective of the current work is to support the design of a pilot hydrogen and electricity producing plant that uses natural gas (or biomethane) as raw material, as a transition option towards a 100% renewable transportation system. The plant, with a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) as principal technology, is intended to be the main unit of an electric vehicle station. The refueling station has to work at different operation periods characterized by the hydrogen demand and the electricity needed for supply and self‐consumption. The same set of heat exchangers has to satisfy the heating and cooling needs of the different operation periods. In order to optimize the operating variables of the pilot plant and to provide the best heat exchanger network, the applied methodology follows a systematic procedure for multi‐objective, i.e. maximum plant efficiency and minimum number of heat exchanger matches, and multi‐period optimization. The solving strategy combines process flow modeling in steady state, superstructure‐based mathematical programming and the use of an evolutionary‐based algorithm for optimization. The results show that the plant can reach a daily weighted efficiency exceeding 60%, up to 80% when considering heat utilization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Pilot SOFC System for the Combined Production of Hydrogen and Electricity under Refueling Station Requirements

et al. 2019

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“…Nevertheless, remarkable differences can be observed when it comes to the amount of particle represented by specific blackening values between these two scenarios. As shown in Figure 11 (d), operating points are more concentrated in the low SBV area with emission performance assigned with a higher weight in the process of constructing objective function in Equation (10). Comparatively, the distribution status of the scenario appears not as good as the other one.…”

Section: Simulation Results With Different Weighting Coefficientsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Considering these different technical routes, the so-called range anxiety problem and the perceived inconvenience of charging vehicles set barriers to the widespread acceptance of PHEVs and BEVs [8,9]. Additionally, the inadequacies of existing hydrogen production, storage, and transportation technology, the poor infrastructure construction of hydrogen refueling station as well as soaring manufacturing costs have always been the biggest obstacles restricting the large-scale industrialization of FCEVs [10]. In contrast, HEVs display unique advantages in structural compatibility and control system complexity without suffering from the severe capacity fading of power batteries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Control Algorithm Design for Hybrid Electric Vehicles Considering Energy Consumption and Emission Performance

2019

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Under the severe challenge of increasingly stringent emission regulations and constantly improving fuel economy requirements, hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have attracted widespread attention in the auto industry as a practicable technical route of green vehicles. To address the considerations on energy consumption and emission performance simultaneously, a novel control algorithm design is proposed for the energy management system (EMS) of HEVs. First, energy consumption of the investigated P3 HEV powertrain is determined based on bench test data. Second, crucial performance indicators of NOx and particle emissions, prior to a catalytic converter, are also measured and processed as a prerequisite. A comprehensive objective function is established on the grounds of the Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS) and corresponding simulation models are constructed in MATLAB/SIMULINK. Subsequently, the control algorithm is validated against the simulation results predicated on the Worldwide-Harmonized Light-Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP).Integrated research contents include: (1) The searching process aimed at the optimal solution of the pre-established multi-parameter objective function is thoroughly investigated; (2) the impacts of weighting coefficients pertaining to two exhaust pollutants upon the specific configurations of the proposed control algorithm are discussed in detail; and (3) the comparison analysis of the simulation results obtained from ECMS and classical Dynamic Programming (DP), respectively, is performed.

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“…The availability of refueling infrastructure is a key factor in FCEV market development (27). In separate literature, researchers have assessed refueling station costs (34) and hydrogen delivery pathways (35). Furthermore, battery electric vehicles could cost less than FCEVs on a per mile basis, depending on trends in capital and fuel costs (36).…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Expert assessments of the cost and expected future performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells for vehicles

Whiston

Azevedo

Litster

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

139

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Despite decades of development, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) still lack wide market acceptance in vehicles. To understand the expected trajectories of PEMFC attributes that influence adoption, we conducted an expert elicitation assessment of the current and expected future cost and performance of automotive PEMFCs. We elicited 39 experts’ assessments of PEMFC system cost, stack durability, and stack power density under a hypothetical, large-scale production scenario. Experts assessed the median 2017 automotive cost to be $75/kW, stack durability to be 4,000 hours, and stack power density to be 2.5 kW/L. However, experts ranged widely in their assessments. Experts’ 2017 best cost assessments ranged from $40 to $500/kW, durability assessments ranged from 1,200 to 12,000 hours, and power density assessments ranged from 0.5 to 4 kW/L. Most respondents expected the 2020 cost to fall short of the 2020 target of the US Department of Energy (DOE). However, most respondents anticipated that the DOE’s ultimate target of $30/kW would be met by 2050 and a power density of 3 kW/L would be achieved by 2035. Fifteen experts thought that the DOE’s ultimate durability target of 8,000 hours would be met by 2050. In general, experts identified high Pt group metal loading as the most significant barrier to reducing cost. Recommended research and development (R&D) funding was allocated to “catalysts and electrodes,” followed in decreasing amount by “fuel cell performance and durability,” “membranes and electrolytes,” and “testing and technical assessment.” Our results could be used to inform public and private R&D decisions and technology roadmaps.

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Impact of hydrogen refueling configurations and market parameters on the refueling cost of hydrogen

Cited by 194 publications

References 3 publications

Design of a Pilot SOFC System for the Combined Production of Hydrogen and Electricity under Refueling Station Requirements

Design of a Pilot SOFC System for the Combined Production of Hydrogen and Electricity under Refueling Station Requirements

A Novel Control Algorithm Design for Hybrid Electric Vehicles Considering Energy Consumption and Emission Performance

Expert assessments of the cost and expected future performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells for vehicles

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