Impact of illegal gold mining in Jambi, Indonesia

Abstract

Illegal gold mining caused various environmental damages in the world. Indonesia is one of the countries with abundant mineral reserves, especially Jambi Province. Jambi has much of natural resources, such as coal and gold. Unfortunately, the management of these natural resources has not been appropriately managed, which has resulted in much illegal gold mining. Illegal mining activities have caused environmental damage, mainly decreased water quality and changed landscapes. This paper explains the illegal mining activities at Jambi Province, including its history, socio-economic and environmental impacts, as well as recent technologies to reduce the environmental damage. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used in this research, including interviews, questionnaires, and laboratory measurements. The results showed that the people of Sarolangun, Bungo, and Tebo were aware that their illegal gold mining activities caused environmental damage. However, economic conditions and insufficient employment opportunities made unlawful gold miners have no other choice. Illegal gold mining activities have also shifted people's livelihoods who previously worked as farmers.

Environment Degradation, Health Threats, and Legality at the Artisanal Small-Scale Gold Mining Sites in Indonesia

“…On the other hand, this extractive economy, especially gold mining, is the cause of many problems. These range from environmental degradation to legal issues, labor exploitation, and various human rights violations, as well as social and health problems [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. The legality/illegality of small-scale mining activities, sometimes called informal mining operations, has become a pressing issue.…”