Impact of improved indoor environment on recovery from COVID-19 infections: a review of literature

Abstract

Purpose This study aims to explore the impact of the indoor environment on recovery from COVID-19 infections. Extant literature on the impact of the four key themes of the indoor environment (indoor air quality, indoor thermal quality, daylighting and visual comfort, and acoustic comfort) on COVID-19 infection and recovery rates were reviewed. Design/methodology/approach Data collection for this study was based on extant literature within the Scopus database and scoped to a time frame of 2020–2021 because the topical issue of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and its impact on COVID-19 arose in the wake of the pandemic. In total, 224 documents were systematically desk reviewed from various journals. Findings The study identified that air pollutants such as PM2.5 and PM10 as well as air-conditioned places, low ambient temperatures, poor ventilation and no views of the outdoor environment were deteriorating factors for COVID-19 patients. On the other hand, proper ventilation, the use of air cleaners, views of the outdoor environment and allowance for ample daylighting were improvement factors for COVID-19 patients. The inter-relationship of the various concepts was presented in an ontology chart. Practical implications As COVID-19 still exists and keeps evolving, this study provides suggestions to industry professionals, especially health-care Facility Managers, to create a post-pandemic environment focusing on the IEQ and finding long-term and reliable solutions for the well-being of occupants. Adaptability is crucial. New, creative technology solutions are being introduced daily, but it is up to the facility managers and health-care professionals to analyse and specify the most cost- and outcome-effective technologies for their facility. Originality/value The study brought to light the pivotal role of the indoor environment on the health and well-being of occupants, particularly in the contraction, spread, prevention and control of infectious diseases such as COVID-19.

Identifying measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in outpatient clinics

“…Several studies on hospital design and respiratory disease prevention have revealed important factors that can prevent the spread of COVID-19. A study by Afful et al (2022) found that proper ventilation and the use of air purifiers can improve indoor air quality and decrease the spread of COVID-19. Furthermore, Fleming et al (2023) and the CDCP (2021) suggested that the implementation of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems with outdoor air dampers can improve indoor air quality and prevent the spread of COVID-19.…”

Workplace impact on employees: A Lifelines Corona Research Initiative on the return to work

“…During the pandemic, measures were introduced for on-site workers to contain infection risks [ 41 ] and to safeguard their health and wellbeing [ 42 ]. Behavioural rules were adopted: e.g., social distancing, disinfecting of hands and contact points, and ventilating with fresh air [ 43 – 45 ]. Social distancing was furthered using one-way traffic signage, spatial-numerical occupant limitation, and an increase of building access points [ 46 ].…”