Impact of in shoe and barefoot placed frontal wedges on plantar loading: A systematic review

Martínez-Rico, Magdalena; Deschamps, Kevin; Gijón-Noguerón, Gabriel; Ortega-Ávila, Ana Belén

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.07.233

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This approach may contribute to more effective injury management and rehabilitation strategies. The use of wedged insoles has been identified as an intervention capable of altering tissue stresses in individuals with PF [33], PTTD [34], and CAI [35]. According to SALRE and the tissue stress approach [25,32], these devices apply external forces that can reduce the load on injured structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supination resistance variations in foot and ankle musculoskeletal disorders: implications for diagnosis and customised interventions with wedged insoles

Moisan,

Chicoine,

McBride

et al. 2023

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

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Background Supination resistance is a clinical outcome that estimates the amount of external force required to supinate the foot. A greater supination resistance may indicate greater loads on structures responsible for generating internal supination moments across the subtalar joint during static and dynamic tasks. As such, greater supination resistance may be an expected finding in medial foot and ankle musculoskeletal disorders, such as plantar fasciopathy (PF) and posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD), whereas reduced supination resistance may be present in lateral ankle disorders, such as chronic ankle instability (CAI). However, no studies have yet investigated the changes in supination resistance across these foot and ankle musculoskeletal disorders. This study aimed to quantify supination resistance in individuals with PF, PTTD and CAI compared to healthy controls. Additionally, this study aimed to explore the changes in supination resistance following the simulation of varus and valgus wedges, which are commonly used interventions for these disorders. Methods Fourteen participants with PF, fourteen with PTTD, fourteen with CAI and fourteen healthy controls were recruited. Supination resistance was quantified on a level surface and on a 10-degree inclined surface with varus and valgus positions. Results Supination resistance was lower for the injured foot for CAI (p < 0.001) and greater for PTTD (p < 0.001) compared to the healthy foot. There was no significant between-foot difference observed for PF (p = 0.275) and controls (p = 0.970). In the injured foot, CAI exhibited lower supination resistance compared to controls (p < 0.001), PF (p = 0.012) and PTTD (p = 0.014). Regardless of the groups, supination resistance increased when tested on a surface with valgus inclination (p < 0.001) and decreased when tested on a surface with varus inclination (p < 0.001). Conclusions Varus and valgus inclinations to the surface were effective in modifying supination resistance in PTTD and CAI, respectively. Supination resistance seemed unchanged in PF, and thus inclining the standing surface leads to greater between-feet asymmetries. This study also highlights the potential of wedged insoles as a mean to customise treatments and modify tissue stresses in these disorders. The findings contribute to the understanding of foot and ankle biomechanics and may aid in the development of more effective management and rehabilitation strategies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supination resistance variations in foot and ankle musculoskeletal disorders: implications for diagnosis and customised interventions with wedged insoles

Moisan,

Chicoine,

McBride

et al. 2023

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

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“…Lateral wedge insoles are conventionally used to reduce the EKAM in patients with medial knee OA. Moving the GRF vector closer to the knee by shifting the center of pressure 2 of 15 (COP) laterally using a lateral wedge insole has been reported to be effective in reducing the EKAM by shortening the moment arm [6][7][8]. Various degrees of wedging are used in the insole, and the wedge is implemented either in only the heel area (hindfoot wedging) or throughout the entire insole (entire wedging).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hind- and Fore-Foot Eversion on Positional and Rotational Displacement of the Knee in Standing Posture

Kim,

Park,

Lee

et al. 2023

Healthcare

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We investigated the effects of hindfoot and forefoot eversion on the knee’s positional and rotational displacement, plantar pressure, and foot discomfort in a standing posture, beyond the traditional focus on external knee adduction moments (EKAM) in lateral wedge insoles. Twenty-six healthy participants underwent hindfoot eversion from 0 to 10 degrees in 2-degree increments, and forefoot eversion from 0 degrees to the hindfoot eversion angle in 2-degree increments in a standing posture. At each eversion angle, the knee’s medial displacement, EKAM’s moment arm decrease, plantar pressure changes, and foot discomfort were obtained and compared across varying angles. Both hindfoot-only and entire-foot eversion led to significant medial knee displacement and the EKAM’s moment arm decrease, with more pronounced effects in entire-foot eversion. At each hindfoot eversion angle, increasing forefoot eversion resulted in significant medial knee displacement and EKAM’s moment arm decrease. Lower leg rotations were not significantly affected in hindfoot-only eversion but displayed significant medial tilting and internal rotation in entire-foot eversion at specific combinations. Varying eversion angles significantly influenced the forefoot pressure, with heel pressure remaining unaffected. Notably, the lateral forefoot pressure increased significantly as the forefoot eversion angle increased, particularly at higher hindfoot eversion angles. Foot discomfort increased significantly with higher eversion angles, particularly in entire-foot eversion, and also increased significantly as the forefoot eversion angle increased at higher hindfoot eversion angles. Insole configurations incorporating 6–10 degrees of hindfoot eversion and 40–60% forefoot eversion of the hindfoot angle may offer optimized biomechanical support for knee osteoarthritis patients.

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“…When CFOs varus posting were systematically increased with increments of two degrees, significant linear reductions were found for peak and mean rearfoot eversion angles and moments (Telfer et al, 2013). A significant reduction in rearfoot eversion with medial corrections and vice versa were reported when compared to without wearing CFOs during walking and running (Martinez-Rico et al, 2022;Zhang et al, 2022). Although most research has been focusing on comparing orthotic posting geometry and its effect on lower limb mechanics, few studies have investigated the effect of CFO material alterations on stride mechanics (Healy et al, 2012;Desmyttere et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vast majority of studies investigating the effect of different orthotic shapes or materials on the kinematics of the lower extremities have used walking conditions (Healy et al, 2012;Telfer et al, 2013;Desmyttere et al, 2020;Martinez-Rico et al, 2022). Since most field-based sports involve some form of running, further kinematics studies at a faster speed (running) are needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated and combined effects of EVA and TPU custom foot orthoses on constant speed, treadmill running kinematics

Van Alsenoy,

van der Linden,

Ryu

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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Introduction: We investigated the isolated and combined (HYB) effects of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) and expanded thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) custom foot orthoses (CFOs), compared to a control condition (CON; shoes only), on constant speed, treadmill running kinematics.Methods: Twenty (10 male and 10 female subjects) well-trained runners performed four 6-min bouts at the same individualized speed for each bout on a treadmill under four footwear conditions (EVA, TPU, HYB, and CON). Twenty markers and four clusters (four markers each) were placed on lower limbs and the pelvis. Lower limb and pelvis movements were tracked using a three-dimensional motion capture system with 11 cameras (Vicon MX System, Oxford, United Kingdom). Lower limb joint angles and angular velocity were normalized to 100% of the stance phase.Results: Peak ankle eversion (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.72), peak ankle eversion angular velocity (AV) (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.64), peak ankle inversion AV (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.60), and peak ankle internal rotation AV (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.49) demonstrated the largest differences between conditions. Statistical non-parametric mapping analysis revealed that HYB exhibited the largest proportions of change during the total stance phase compared to the CON.Discussion: All CFO materials caused significant reductions in peak angles and peak AVs at the ankle in the frontal plane, with more pronounced effects for harder (EVA) than softer (TPU) materials. These significant reductions occurred during large portions of the total stance phase for the angles and for the AVs. Although some effects could be found in more proximal joints such as the knee and hip, most significant effects were found at the ankle joint. Overall, combining hard EVA material in the heel and soft TPU in the forefoot (HYB) resulted in significant, more favorable changes compared to the CON that lasted for the largest proportion of stance phase when compared to wearing shoes only.

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Impact of in shoe and barefoot placed frontal wedges on plantar loading: A systematic review

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Supination resistance variations in foot and ankle musculoskeletal disorders: implications for diagnosis and customised interventions with wedged insoles

Supination resistance variations in foot and ankle musculoskeletal disorders: implications for diagnosis and customised interventions with wedged insoles

Effect of Hind- and Fore-Foot Eversion on Positional and Rotational Displacement of the Knee in Standing Posture

Isolated and combined effects of EVA and TPU custom foot orthoses on constant speed, treadmill running kinematics

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