Impact of independent and non-independent parameters on various elements’ rejection by nanofiltration employed in groundwater treatment

Emamjomeh, Mohammad Mahdi; Torabi, Hossein; Mousazadeh, Milad; Alijani, Mohammad Hossein; Gohari, Fariba

doi:10.1007/s13201-019-0949-1

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The membrane rejection rate depends mainly on the molecular weight cut-off (MWCO); the MWCO of NF90 is 200–400 Da, and the MWCO of BW30LE is 100 Da. As the MWCO increases, the rejection rate decreases [ 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Nanofiltration with Reverse Osmosis in Reclaiming Tertiary Treated Municipal Wastewater for Irrigation Purposes

et al. 2021

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This study compares the performance of nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) for the reclamation of ultrafiltered municipal wastewater for irrigation of food crops. RO and NF technologies were evaluated at different applied pressures; the performance of each technology was evaluated in terms of water flux, recovery rate, specific energy consumption and quality of permeate. It was found that the permeate from the reverse osmosis (RO) process complied with Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) standards at pressures applied between 10 and 18 bar. At an applied pressure of 20 bar, the permeate quality did not comply with irrigation water standards in terms of chloride, sodium and calcium concentration. It was found that nanofiltration process was not suitable for the reclamation of wastewater as the concentration of chloride, sodium and calcium exceeded the allowable limits at all applied pressures. In the reverse osmosis process, the highest recovery rate was 36%, which was achieved at a pressure of 16 bar. The specific energy consumption at this applied pressure was 0.56 kWh/m3. The lowest specific energy of 0.46 kWh/m3 was achieved at an applied pressure of 12 bar with a water recovery rate of 32.7%.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Nanofiltration with Reverse Osmosis in Reclaiming Tertiary Treated Municipal Wastewater for Irrigation Purposes

et al. 2021

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“…Overall, the concentration of permeate solution exceeded the TDS allowable limit, especially at high recovery rates. This is due to the fact that NF90 membranes have a loose structure with low rejection abilities for monovalent ions and a molecular weight cut-off (200–400) Da [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Figure 2 b shows the relationship between the recovery rate and the applied pressure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hybrid NF-FO-RO Process for the Supply of Irrigation Water from Treated Wastewater: Simulation Study

et al. 2021

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Municipal treated wastewater could be considered as a water source for food crop irrigation purposes. Enhancing the quality of treated wastewater to meet irrigation standards has become a necessary practice. Nanofiltration (NF) was used in the first stage to produce permeate at relatively low energy consumption. In the second stage, two membrane combinations were tested for additional water extraction from the brine generated by the NF process. The simulation results showed that using a hybrid forward osmosis (FO)–reverse osmosis (RO) system is more efficient than using the RO process alone for the further extraction of water from the brine generated by the NF process. The total specific energy consumption can be reduced by 27% after using FO as an intermediate process between NF and RO. In addition, the final permeate water quality produced using the hybrid FO-RO system was within the allowable standards for food crops irrigation.

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“…5b) and the highest phenol removal efficiency was obtained at pH solution of 7.5. This is because with pH of solution in the range (6)(7)(8) there is the formation of Al(OH)3 flocs, and it has an effective role in the high removal of phenol by precipitating with pollutants [45]. On the other hand, when pH is higher than 9, phenol removal efficiency reached to 80%.…”

Section: Effect Of Critical Factors On Phenol Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Applying stricter environmental laws which insist on the need to employ water/wastewater purification technologies to reduce the hazardous pollutants is required. In developing countries, water reclaiming in industries can play a significant role in conserving freshwater reserves [5][6][7][8]. The polluting and hazardous compounds such as phenol and linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS) are present in carwash wastewater and can cause health hazards for human beings due to their poor biodegradability, high toxicity, and ecological aspects [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous removal of phenol and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate from automotive service station wastewater: Optimization of coupled electrochemical and physical processes

Emamjomeh

Mousazadeh

Mokhtari

et al. 2019

Separation Science and Technology

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105

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This work investigates the feasibility of the coupled electrochemical (electrocoagulation/flotation) and physical processes such as sedimentation, sand filtration, and activated carbon for treatment of automotive service wastewater (ASWW). The impacts of critical parameters viz. pH solution (5-9), reaction time (30-90) and current intensity (1-2) on linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS) and phenol removal efficiencies as well as energy consumption and operating cost are studied. Central composite design (CCD) as a response surface methodology (RSM) is employed. The results reveal by increasing current intensity at low levels of pH, the phenol removal efficiency was increased significantly up to 95%. On the other hand, at pH 9.5 with current intensity of 1.5A, the highest removal efficiency of LAS was achieved with 98.5%. Moreover, at the optimum conditions, LAS and phenol removal efficiencies, energy consumption and operating cost are obtained 96.7%, 87.65%, 15.99 Wh, 0.001 US$, respectively. This process reveals a feasible technology for phenol and LAS removal from ASWW.

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Impact of independent and non-independent parameters on various elements’ rejection by nanofiltration employed in groundwater treatment

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

Comparison of Nanofiltration with Reverse Osmosis in Reclaiming Tertiary Treated Municipal Wastewater for Irrigation Purposes

Comparison of Nanofiltration with Reverse Osmosis in Reclaiming Tertiary Treated Municipal Wastewater for Irrigation Purposes

A Hybrid NF-FO-RO Process for the Supply of Irrigation Water from Treated Wastewater: Simulation Study

Simultaneous removal of phenol and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate from automotive service station wastewater: Optimization of coupled electrochemical and physical processes

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