Impact of information bandwidth of in-vehicle technologies on drivers' attention maintenance performance: A driving simulator study

Yamani, Yusuke; Bıçaksız, Pınar; Unverricht, James; Samuel, Siby

doi:10.1016/j.trf.2018.09.004

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Differences in visual demand between the tasks used in Pradhan et al and those used in the current study could have influenced variations in attention maintenance performance. A previous work directly manipulated information bandwidth of in-vehicle technology and showed that even experienced drivers can exhibit greater number of excessively long in-vehicle glances when information-processing demand is high (Yamani et al, 2018b). Therefore, it is not surprising that the secondary task with high visual demands led to a greater proportion of excessively long glances inside the vehicle than Pradhan et al's.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Attention maintenance training: Are young drivers getting better or being more strategic?

Unverricht

Yamani

Yahoodik

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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Young drivers are particularly poor at maintaining attention to the forward roadway where imminent hazards may occur. Existing training programs such as FOrward Concentration and Attention Learning (FOCAL) have been shown to improve young drivers’ attention maintenance performance. The current study examines two competing hypotheses for the effectiveness of FOCAL: 1) Drivers disregard the secondary task to focus on maintaining attention, or 2) FOCAL improves drivers’ multitasking ability on the driving and the secondary tasks. FOCAL- and placebo-trained drivers navigated through four distinct scenarios in a driving simulator. During each scenario, they were asked to perform a secondary task interacting with a mock in-vehicle navigation system. Results showed that FOCAL improved driver attention maintenance performance and, surprisingly, their secondary task performance. These results suggest the possibility that FOCAL in fact increases not only their ability to maintain their attention to the forward roadway but also a drivers’ multitasking performance. Future works should use a variety of in-vehicle tasks with different visual processing demands to determine the generalizability of the current finding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Attention maintenance training: Are young drivers getting better or being more strategic?

Unverricht

Yamani

Yahoodik

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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“…Participants drove through four virtual environments, mirroring those used in previous work (Hamid et al, 2014, Yamani et al, 2016, 2018). All four environments (highway, residential, rural, and town) were 8,530 feet in length.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minding the Gap: Effects of an Attention Maintenance Training Program on Driver Calibration

et al. 2020

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Objective The present study examines the effect of an existing driver training program, FOrward Concentration and Attention Learning (FOCAL) on young drivers’ calibration, drivers’ ability to estimate the length of their in-vehicle glances while driving, using two different measures, normalized difference scores and Brier Scores. Background Young drivers are poor at maintaining attention to the forward roadway while driving a vehicle. Additionally, drivers may overestimate their attention maintenance abilities. Driver training programs such as FOCAL may train target skills such as attention maintenance but also might serve as a promising way to reduce errors in drivers’ calibration of their self-perceived attention maintenance behaviors in comparison to their actual performance. Method Thirty-six participants completed either FOCAL or a Placebo training program, immediately followed by driving simulator evaluations of their attention maintenance performance. In the evaluation drive, participants navigated four driving simulator scenarios during which their eyes were tracked. In each scenario, participants performed a map task on a tablet simulating an in-vehicle infotainment system. Results FOCAL-trained drivers maintained their attention to the forward roadway more and reported better calibration using the normalized difference measure than Placebo-trained drivers. However, the Brier scores did not distinguish the two groups on their calibration. Conclusion The study implies that FOCAL has the potential to improve not only attention maintenance skills but also calibration of the skills for young drivers. Application Driver training programs may be designed to train not only targeted higher cognitive skills but also driver calibration—both critical for driving safety in young drivers.

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“…In the Divided Attention condition, participants performed a concurrent digit-counting task. Similar tasks have been used in driving and automobile research to elicit multitasking and increase cognitive load (Yamani et al 2018;Horrey, Wickens, and Consalus 2006). A nine-digit string was displayed on the video itself, one digit at a time, with a 0.45-second interval between digits.…”

Section: Study 1: Detectability Of Deepfake Caricaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Browsing Conditions and Visual Alert Design on Human Susceptibility to Deepfakes

Josephs,

Fosco,

Oliva

2024

jots

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The increasing reach of deepfakes raises practical questions about people’s ability to detect false videos online. How vulnerable are people to deepfake videos? What technologies can help improve detection? Previous experiments that measure human deepfake detection historically omit a number of conditions that can exist in typical browsing conditions. Here, we operationalized four such conditions (low prevalence, brief presentation, low video quality, and divided attention), and found in a series of online experiments that all conditions lowered detection relative to baseline, suggesting that the current literature underestimates people’s susceptibility to deepfakes. Next, we examined how AI assistance could be integrated into the human decision process. We found that a model that exposes deepfakes by amplifying artifacts increases detection rates, and also leads to higher rates of incorporating AI feedback and higher final confidence than text-based prompts. Overall, this suggests that visual indicators that cause distortions on fake videos may be effective at mitigating the impact of falsified video.

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Impact of information bandwidth of in-vehicle technologies on drivers' attention maintenance performance: A driving simulator study

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

Attention maintenance training: Are young drivers getting better or being more strategic?

Attention maintenance training: Are young drivers getting better or being more strategic?

Minding the Gap: Effects of an Attention Maintenance Training Program on Driver Calibration

Effects of Browsing Conditions and Visual Alert Design on Human Susceptibility to Deepfakes

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