Impact of Intelligent Demand Response for Load Frequency Control in Smart Grid Perspective

Bharti, Kamlesh K.; Singh, Vijay Pratap; Singh, S. P.

doi:10.1080/03772063.2019.1709570

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…An experimental setup is arranged to test and demonstrate the proposed LFC scheme, which revealed that for a smart meter to have a frequency response characteristic must have a speed of 3 to 200 milliseconds in measuring the system frequency. In [111], the authors presented a detailed analysis of the effect of DR control intelligence on communication delays in the LFC of a single energy system with a thermal and wind power station. In addition, line matrix linear and linear-quadratic controller (LMI-LQR) have been introduced as a link between secondary control loop and DR loop to suppress frequency oscillations and other external disturbances.…”

Section: Agc In Smart Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Generation Control Strategies in Conventional and Modern Power Systems: A Comprehensive Overview

et al. 2021

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Automatic generation control (AGC) is primarily responsible for ensuring the smooth and efficient operation of an electric power system. The main goal of AGC is to keep the operating frequency under prescribed limits and maintain the interchange power at the intended level. Therefore, an AGC system must be supplemented with modern and intelligent control techniques to provide adequate power supply. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of various AGC models in diverse configurations of the power system. Initially, the history of power system AGC models is explored and the basic operation of AGC in a multi-area interconnected power system is presented. An in-depth analysis of various control methods used to mitigate the AGC issues is provided. Application of fast-acting energy storage devices, high voltage direct current (HVDC) interconnections, and flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices in the AGC systems are investigated. Furthermore, AGC systems employed in different renewable energy generation systems are overviewed and are summarized in tabulated form. AGC techniques in different configurations of microgrid and smart grid are also presented in detail. A thorough overview of various AGC issues in a deregulated power system is provided by considering the different contract scenarios. Moreover, AGC systems with an additional objective of economic dispatch is investigated and an overview of worldwide AGC practices is provided. Finally, the paper concludes with an emphasis on the prospective study in the field of AGC.

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Section: Agc In Smart Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Generation Control Strategies in Conventional and Modern Power Systems: A Comprehensive Overview

et al. 2021

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“…Modeling the single area power network comprises of modeling [12] the speed governor, turbine, and generator load model. The speed governor's governing equations are as given in Eqns.…”

Section: Mathematical Modeling Of Single-area Power Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Load Frequency Controller for Multi-area System Using AI Techniques

Machavarapu¹,

Rao²,

Rao³

2020

JESA

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The paper presents an adaptive Load Frequency Controller (LFC) based on a neural network for the interconnected multi-area systems. When there is an imbalance between active power generation and demand there will deviation in the frequency from the reference value. Major disturbances that lead to the variation in frequency beyond the allowable limits are variation in load demand and faults, etc. Initially PID based LFC which is a conventional controller is used to bring back the variations in frequency when there is a disturbance. But these conventional controllers will operate certain operating points only, very slow and, are less efficient for nonlinear systems. To avoid the flaws in the conventional controller the artificial intelligent controllers such as neural network and fuzzy logic controllers are designed. The three, two area, and single area systems are considered as the test systems. The response of all the test systems is observed without and with PI, fuzzy, and neural network controllers. It was observed that the neural network controller is outperforming in damping the variation in the frequency due to the disturbances.

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“…The accuracy of this strategy depends on the accuracy of the model. In Bharti et al, 6 a linear matrix inequality with a linear quadratic regulator controller is presented to coordinate the intelligent DR participation in the LFC. In this method, based on the sign of frequency deviations, controllable loads are connected or disconnected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate demand response participation in regulating power system frequency by Modified Active Disturbance Rejection Control

Rouhani

Mojallali

Baghramian

2022

Math Methods in App Sciences

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One of the significant problems in demand response (DR) participation in the smart power system is calculating how much electrical power is required to extract from DR ( ∆PDR) to keep the power system frequency in the allowable range. Calculating the precise amount of this value is impossible due to the random nature of load disturbance (LoD). In this paper, a new method is presented to control the DR participation in the load frequency control considering communication time delay. Extended State Observer is used to estimate the magnitude of the LoD, considering the structural uncertainty of the power system parameters. Then, the DR program is implemented in load frequency control to compensate the whole or part of LoD considering the available electrical power at the aggregators (PAV‐AGG) and communication time delay. Afterward, Active Disturbance Rejection Control is modified and adopted to control the uncompensated LoD. The salp swarm algorithm is employed to design the parameters of the proposed method, which is verified in comparison with the previous methods. The results demonstrate that the presented approach has potentially significant performance, assisting the power system frequency to be damped immediately with the small overshoot and undershoot.

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Impact of Intelligent Demand Response for Load Frequency Control in Smart Grid Perspective

Cited by 21 publications

References 30 publications

Automatic Generation Control Strategies in Conventional and Modern Power Systems: A Comprehensive Overview

Automatic Generation Control Strategies in Conventional and Modern Power Systems: A Comprehensive Overview

Design of Load Frequency Controller for Multi-area System Using AI Techniques

Accurate demand response participation in regulating power system frequency by Modified Active Disturbance Rejection Control

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