Impact of Intimate Partner Forced Sex on HIV Risk Factors in Physically Abused African American and African Caribbean Women

Draughon, Jessica E.; Lucea, Marguerite B.; Campbell, Jacquelyn C.; Paterno, Mary T.; Bertrand, D.; Sharps, Phyllis; Campbell, Doris; Stockman, Jamila K.

doi:10.1007/s10903-014-0112-x

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In our recent case-control study (n = 543 women abused by husbands, boyfriends or ex-partners; n=358 never abused women) focusing on women of African descent in the US (Baltimore) and in the US Virgin Islands, 160 (37% of the 431 experiencing physical IPV) also reported experiencing physically forced sex. 11 Of these, 38% reported forced vaginal penetration, 24% forced oral sex, 19% anal penetration, and 33% did not specify the type of forced sex. Over one-third (35%) of these women reported repetitive forced sex, with the highest percentage reporting repetitive experiences of all three types of forced sex (see figure 1).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Forced Sex and HIV Risk in Violent Relationships

Campbell

Lucea

Stockman

et al. 2012

American J Rep Immunol

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Problem The intersecting epidemics of gender-based violence, specifically forced sex, and HIV continue to affect women worldwide. Both in the US and worldwide, women of African descent are disproportionately affected. Results This brief review synthesizes research on the linkages between forced sex and behavioral risk factors for HIV infection. We explore forced sex from the perspective of the perpetrator being a current or former intimate partner, as well as the first sexual intercourse experience occurring through the use of physical force (i.e., forced sexual initiation). The review also emphasizes the importance of expanding current research to understand the physiological mechanisms linking forced sex to HIV risk. Conclusions The factors linking intimate partner forced sex and forced sexual initiation with HIV/AIDS are varied and complex. The review concludes with recommendations for future research in this area and implications this research could have on preventing violence and mitigating the health consequences.

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confidence: 99%

“…The women who experienced physically forced sex were also over 4 times as likely to report inconsistent condom use at their last five acts of anal intercourse (AOR 4.85, 95% CI: 1.03–22.81). 11 We were unable to determine condom use during the forced sex acts themselves.…”

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confidence: 99%

Forced Sex and HIV Risk in Violent Relationships

Campbell

Lucea

Stockman

et al. 2012

American J Rep Immunol

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“…Theorists posit that intimate partner violence negatively affects a woman's ability to control sexual activities (including condom use) with a known HIV-positive partner (Lichtenstein, 2005). Women experiencing intimate partner violence have also reported incon-sistent condom use with partners with known HIV risk factors and coercion by their abusive partners to practice other sexual risk behaviors (Draughon et al, 2014;Dunkle et al, 2004;Wu et al, 2003). Lastly, structural factors such as inequitable gender norms deter HIV prevention strategies among women, even in the absence of violence, by serving as a barrier to condom negotiation and effective sexual communication (Brawner, Teitelman, Webb, & Jemmott, 2013;Go et al, 2003).…”

Section: Gender Inequitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Sexual Health Professionals in Developing a Shared Concept of Risky Sexual Behavior as it Relates to HIV Transmission

Brawner

Alexander

Fannin

et al. 2015

Public Health Nursing

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“Risky sexual behavior” accounts for the majority of new HIV infections regardless of gender, age, geographic location, or ethnicity. The phrase, however, refers to a relatively nebulous concept that hampers development of effective sexual health communication strategies. The purpose of this paper is to propose development of a shared conceptual understanding of “risky sexual behavior.” We reviewed multidisciplinary HIV/AIDS literature to identify definitions of risky sexual behavior. Both the linguistic components and the social mechanisms that contribute to the concept of risky sexual behaviors were noted. Risky sexual behavior was often defined in a subjective manner in the literature, even in the scientific research. We urge a paradigm shift to focus on explicit behaviors and the social context of those behaviors in determining HIV risk. We also propose a new definition that reduces individual biases and promotes a broader discussion of the degree of sexual risk across a diversity of behavioral contexts. Sexual health professionals can strengthen practice and research initiatives by operating from a concise working definition of risky sexual behavior that is broadly transferable and expands beyond a traditional focus on identity-based groups.

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“…There is a signi cant amount of evidence, demonstrating that SV can lead to a variety of negative immediate and long-term health consequences and it is known to be associated with risky health and sexual behaviours [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Women exposed to SV use illicit drugs, smoke and binge drink more often, possibly to reduce the negative feelings associated with SV [7,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SV is also associated with a higher prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, and engaging in sex without using contraception [7,12,13]. SV can increase the risk of contracting a STI directly (coerced unprotected sex with an infected person) or indirectly through an increase in risky sexual behaviour (e.g., condom nonuse, having concurrent sexual relationships) [3,9,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What do we know about the impact of sexual violence on health and health behaviour of women in Estonia?  

Lippus

Laanpere

Part

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Sexual violence against women is a major public health issue and a breach of human rights. Although various consequences of sexual violence on health have been described in a large number of scientific publications, very little is known about this topic in Estonia. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of sexual violence and associations between exposure to sexual violence and risky health and sexual behaviours among women in Estonia.Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Estonia in 2014. Self-reported data regarding selected indicators of risky health and sexual behaviours were collected from 1670 women, aged 18–44 years, via a self-administered questionnaire. To measure the prevalence of sexual violence, questions from the NorVold Abuse Questionnaire were included. Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyse the data.Results: Of the respondents, 22.7% (n=379) reported being exposed to sexual violence during their lifetime, and over half of these women had had these experiences before the age of 18. Statistically significant associations were found between sexual violence and smoking (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.32, 95% CI 1.03–1.70), alcohol consumption (AOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.18–1.95), illicit drug use (AOR 2.21, 95% CI 1.70–2.89), sexual intercourse for money or other material reward (AOR 3.51, 95% CI 1.62–7.61), concurrent sexual relationships (AOR 2.64; 95% CI 1.80–3.86), and being diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections (AOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.09–2.01).Conclusions: In Estonia, sexual violence against women is widespread and is associated with several risky health and sexual behaviours. Efforts should be made, both among the general public and professionals, to raise awareness regarding the prevalence and negative impact of sexual violence. Women who have been exposed to sexual violence are in need of professional medical, legal and psychological help free from prejudice to help them recover from such traumatic events.

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Impact of Intimate Partner Forced Sex on HIV Risk Factors in Physically Abused African American and African Caribbean Women

Cited by 19 publications

References 33 publications

Forced Sex and HIV Risk in Violent Relationships

Forced Sex and HIV Risk in Violent Relationships

The Role of Sexual Health Professionals in Developing a Shared Concept of Risky Sexual Behavior as it Relates to HIV Transmission

What do we know about the impact of sexual violence on health and health behaviour of women in Estonia?

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Impact of Intimate Partner Forced Sex on HIV Risk Factors in Physically Abused African American and African Caribbean Women

Cited by 19 publications

References 33 publications

Forced Sex and HIV Risk in Violent Relationships

Forced Sex and HIV Risk in Violent Relationships

The Role of Sexual Health Professionals in Developing a Shared Concept of Risky Sexual Behavior as it Relates to HIV Transmission

What do we know about the impact of sexual violence on health and health behaviour of women in Estonia?&nbsp;&nbsp;

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What do we know about the impact of sexual violence on health and health behaviour of women in Estonia?