Impact of invasive slash pine (Pinus elliottii) on groundcover vegetation at home and abroad

Brewer, J. Stephen; Souza, Flaviana Maluf; Callaway, Ragan M.; Durigan, Giselda

doi:10.1007/s10530-018-1734-z

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…For example, young or low‐density pine invasions do not significantly alter wildfire fuel loads; however, in older or denser invasions, fuel loads and fuel spatial continuity increase rapidly (Figure c, where there is a strong increase in total fuel in older invasions), which can result in altered fire behaviour and fire effects (Davis, Maxwell, Caplat, Pauchard, & Nuñez, ; Paritsis et al, ). High threshold impacts may also occur with litter accumulation, where large amounts of litter bury native vegetation (Brewer, Souza, Callaway, & Durigan, ). High threshold impacts can be difficult to predict because they have minimal effect initially; however, these types of impacts occur rapidly once a threshold is crossed which leads to tipping points of rapid ecosystem change and potentially high resistance to restoration (Scheffer, Carpenter, Foley, Folke, & Walker, ).…”

Section: Context Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a framework for understanding the context dependence of impacts of non‐native tree species

et al. 2020

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1. Biological invasions are a major driver of ecosystem change but causes of variation in their environmental impacts over space and time remain poorly understood. Most approaches used to quantify the impacts of non-native species assume there are interactions among per capita (i.e. individual level) effects, species abundance and the area occupied by the species. However, studies rarely evaluate these factors and their interactions and often fail to recognize that the magnitude of impacts can be highly context dependent. Understanding what drives the context dependence of non-native species impacts can improve our understanding and predictions of ecosystem change and better inform options for mitigation.2. Conifers, especially pines, are among the most problematic non-native plant species globally. We use Pinaceae to illustrate how context dependence in biodiversity and environmental impacts of non-native plant species can be generated by at least four processes: nonlinear density effects; intraspecific variation in functional traits; shifts in impacts over time; and persistence of impacts as biological or ecosystem legacies following non-native species removal. Using this understanding, we develop a framework to better quantify interactions of impacts along environmental gradients (e.g. soil fertility, climate, ecosystem age).3. We demonstrate how impacts of non-native species can occur at both low and high density, and that failing to account for intraspecific variation in effect traits can lead to significant errors in the prediction of impacts. By incorporating context dependence in regard to density and functional traits, we can measure how the interaction of this context dependence will shift along environmental gradients. | 945Functional Ecology SAPSFORD et Al.

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Section: Context Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a framework for understanding the context dependence of impacts of non‐native tree species

et al. 2020

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“…The impacts of invaders are context specific (Vilà et al 2006) and large-scale biogeographic differences in invader impacts on local biodiversity have been found between species' native and introduced ranges (Callaway et al 2012, Shah et al 2014, Ledger et al 2015, Hejda et al 2017, Brewer et al 2018. Hypotheses for differences in invader impacts between native and non-native ranges include increased resource competition due to greater size of the invaders in the non-native range, novel effects on nutrient cycling, and different evolutionary histories in biochemical processes (Callaway and Aschehoug 2000, Ni et al 2010, Kaur et al 2012, Qin et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severity of impacts of an introduced species corresponds with regional eco‐evolutionary experience

et al. 2018

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Invasive plant impacts vary widely across introduced ranges. We tested the hypothesis that differences in the eco‐evolutionary experience of native communities with the invader correspond with the impacts of invasive species on native vegetation, with impacts increasing with ecological novelty. We compared plant species richness and composition beneath Pinus contorta to that in adjacent vegetation and other P. contorta stands across a network of sites in its native (Canada and USA) and non‐native (Argentina, Chile, Finland, New Zealand, Scotland, Sweden) ranges. At sites in North America and Europe, within the natural distribution of the genus Pinus, P. contorta was not associated with decreases in diversity. In the Southern Hemisphere, where there are no native Pinaceae, plant communities beneath P. contorta were less diverse than in other regions and compared to uninvaded native vegetation. Effects on native vegetation were particularly pronounced where P. contorta was a more novel life form and exhibited higher growth rates. Our results support the hypothesis that the eco‐evolutionary experience of the native vegetation, and thus the novelty of the invader, determines the magnitude of invader impacts on native communities. Understanding the eco‐evolutionary context of invasions will help to better understand and predict where invasion impacts will be greatest and to prioritize invasive species management.

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“…O plantio de árvores em alta densidade em locais onde árvores não existiam ou eram esparsas, como é o caso dos ecossistemas savânicos, pode alterar sua estrutura e dinâmica pelo aumento do sombreamento, acúmulo de serapilheira (no caso acículas, paras as plantações de pinus) e competição entre as espécies, o que limita o desenvolvimento da comunidade herbácea , Veldman et al 2015b. Em outras savanas do Brasil invadidas por pinus, o estrato herbáceo desapareceu (de Abreu & Durigan 2011) ou é escasso (Brewer et al 2018). Padrões similares de perda de espécies e redução na riqueza da vegetação herbácea em plantações abandonadas de pinus em comparação às savanas primárias também foram documentados no sul dos Estados Unidos (Kirkman et al 2004) e na África, neste caso, também foi encontrado baixa riqueza de herbáceas mesmo após a remoção da espécie exótica .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Entretanto, a avaliação desse potencial não tem considerado o estrato herbáceo SILVEIRA;MELO, 2013;JÚNIOR et al, 2015). Áreas invadidas por pinus, por exemplo, têm riqueza e densidade do estrato herbáceo muito inferiores a áreas campestres de Cerrado adjacentes (BREWER et al, 2018). Algo similar acontece em savanas fora do Brasil (BREMER;FARLEY, 2010;KIRKMAN et al, 2004; ZALOUMIS; BOND; BOND, 2016).…”

Section: Restauração Em Antigas Plantações Florestaisunclassified

“…Ademais, o manejo de plantações florestais pode alterar o solo e destruir os órgãos subterrâneos das plantas nativas, responsáveis pela rebrota dos indivíduos, pós-distúrbio (ZALOUMIS; BOND, 2011; ZALOUMIS; BOND; BOND, 2016). Em plantações de pinus, o acúmulo de serapilheira pode ser um impedimento adicional ao desenvolvimento do estrato herbáceo (BREWER et al, 2018;VELDMAN et al, 2014) A alteração da estrutura dos ecossistemas savânicos pela presença dos indivíduos arbóreos das plantações florestais sugere que o simples abandono dessas florestas pode não ser suficiente para que a vegetação nativa previamente existente se regenere naturalmente. A remoção das árvores plantadas ou outras práticas podem ser necessárias.…”

Impact of invasive slash pine (Pinus elliottii) on groundcover vegetation at home and abroad

Cited by 24 publications

References 42 publications

Towards a framework for understanding the context dependence of impacts of non‐native tree species

Towards a framework for understanding the context dependence of impacts of non‐native tree species

Severity of impacts of an introduced species corresponds with regional eco‐evolutionary experience

Restauração da vegetação de Cerrado após silvicultura de >i<Pinus>/i< spp.

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