Impact of layered and delaminated zeolites on catalytic fast pyrolysis of microalgae using fixed-bed reactor and Py-GC/MS

Naqvi, Salman Raza; Naqvi, Muhammad; Inayat, Abrar; Blanco-Sanchez, Paula

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105025

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This phenomenon has been observed in previous studies . Additionally, the increased aromatic compound production from the catalytic pyrolysis of Botryococcus braunii has been observed by other studies. , It is important to note that the amount of alkyl aromatics in this study was similar to that produced from catalytic pyrolysis of Botryococcus braunii over layered zeolite with significantly higher catalyst loading, implying the high activity of Ni/SBA-15 for the production of aromatics.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…73,74 A study on the catalytic pyrolysis of Botryococcus braunii over layered zeolite catalyst reported an increased amount of nitriles due to the cracking of long-chain nitriles and a rapid decrement of other nitrogen-containing compounds due to the secondary cracking of protein-derived components with the increase in catalyst loading (from 3:1 to 10:1, catalyst to Botryococcus braunii ratio). 23 In this study, the catalyst loading was much lower than that of the layered zeolite catalysts, which was 10% of the biomass. However, an interesting finding reported here is the catalyst did not increase the formation of nitriles, which was observed in the catalytic pyrolysis of Botryococcus braunii over layered zeolite.…”

Section: Characterization Of Catalystmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…However, an interesting finding reported here is the catalyst did not increase the formation of nitriles, which was observed in the catalytic pyrolysis of Botryococcus braunii over layered zeolite. 23 Thus, further research is warranted regarding optimum Ni/SBA-15 loading to obtain the lowest amounts of nitriles and other nitrogencontaining compounds in the pyrolysis product; higher catalyst loading may not always be beneficial in reducing the amount of nitrogen-containing compounds.…”

Section: Characterization Of Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pyrolysis of microalgae can be carried out by adding catalysts such as Na 2 CO 3 , nickel-ceria based catalysts (Ni–Ce/Al 2 O 3 and Ni–Ce/ZrO 2 ), H-ZSM5, and metal loaded zeolite (e.g., Ni, Pd) . Furthermore, the catalytic pyrolysis of Botryococcus braunii over layered and delaminated zeolite catalysts has been studied . The addition of catalysts in the pyrolysis of microalgae generally resulted in a higher yield of aromatic compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 Furthermore, the catalytic pyrolysis of Botryococcus braunii over layered and delaminated zeolite catalysts has been studied. 23 The addition of catalysts in the pyrolysis of microalgae generally resulted in a higher yield of aromatic compounds. In this research, Ni/SBA-15 catalyst was used in the pyrolysis of Botryococcus braunii.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic Pyrolysis of the Green Microalgae Botryococcus braunii over Ni/SBA-15 Prepared by the Ultrasonic-Assisted Sol-Gel Method

et al. 2023

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The pyrolysis of the green microalgae Botryococcus braunii in the absence and the presence of Ni/SBA-15 prepared by the ultrasonic-assisted sol–gel was investigated using pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (Py-GC/MS). Pyrolysis experiments were performed at 350, 450, and 550 °C under helium (He) flow. In the absence of a catalyst, the chemical composition of pyrolysis products at different temperatures, based on the relative peak area, comprised protein/amino acid derivative products of 9–15%, carbohydrate derivative products of 5–10%, lipid derivative products of 13–26%, and chlorophyll derivative products of 24–26%. For catalytic pyrolysis, the chemical composition of pyrolysis products comprised protein/amino acid derivative products of 5–15%, carbohydrate derivative products of 18–19.5%, lipid derivative products of 14–27%, and chlorophyll derivative products of 15–20%. The addition of 10% Ni/SBA-15 enhanced the production of aromatic compounds, such as furans, furfurals, alkyl aromatics, and nitrogen aromatic compounds. These were the thermal degradation products of carbohydrates and proteins. However, the amount of fatty acids and phytol fragments in the pyrolysis of Botryococcus braunii decreased in the presence of catalyst. Thermogravimetric analyses showed that the temperature range for the pyrolysis of Botryococcus braunii was 135–547 °C, while that of the catalyzed pyrolysis was 135–532 °C. There was a decrease in pyrolysis yield after incorporating Ni/SBA-15, which may be due to coke formation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%