I n 2015, total health care expenditures in Canada were estimated at $219 billion.1 Although hospitals represented the largest category of expenditures at 29.5%, this proportion has been steadily decreasing over the last 2 decades. The decline is due in part to provincial and territorial policies to promote cost cutting in hospitals. In Ontario, activity-based funding in the form of Health-Based Allocation Models has been implemented to promote quality care and incentivize increased efficiency.2,3 Similar funding initiatives have previously been implemented in British Columbia and Alberta. 4 As a result, hospitals are keen to identify areas of potential cost savings.Surgical tray redundancy is recognized as a difficulty in surgical units. [5][6][7][8] At one hospital, a review of 49 procedures and 247 trays within 4 surgical specialties (otolaryngology, plastic surgery, bariatric surgery and neurosurgery) showed that rates of instrument use varied from 13.0% to 21.9%.
7After surgery, sterile processing personnel decontaminate instruments through manual cleaning. Personnel assemble standardized trays by packing instruments onto trays, which are then washed and sterilized in a washer-disinfector machine for the next surgical procedure. Since all instruments in an opened tray require sterile processing, unused instruments incur potentially avoidable costs. In a previous study, we conducted a review of instruments on surgical trays in the otolaryngology departments of St. Joseph's Health Care London and the London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont. 9 We found that the average tray use ranged from 20.1% to 51.7%, suggesting substantial redundancy. We have proposed streamlined trays -"reduced trays" -that would reduce the number of instruments by more than 50%. In this study, our objective was to perform an economic evaluation of streamlined trays to quantify the potential cost savings that may result from implementing the reduced trays. Background: When prearranged standard surgical trays contain instruments that are repeatedly unused, the redundancy can result in unnecessary health care costs. Our objective was to estimate potential savings by performing an economic evaluation comparing the cost of surgical trays with redundant instruments with surgical trays with reduced instruments ("reduced trays").