Impact of lift propeller drag on the performance of eVTOL lift+cruise aircraft

Bacchini, Alessandro; Cestino, Enrico; Magill, Benjamin Van; Verstraete, Dries

doi:10.1016/j.ast.2020.106429

Cited by 41 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The procedure described above is commonly used in the conceptual design phase [30,41,42]; it allows to estimate the total take-off power without designing a rotor blade. As said before, the figure of merit parameter allows to consider all the fraction of power contributions; in this paper, a value of 0.8 has been assumed according to [67].…”

Section: P W Crmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• the aircraft has a constant longitudinal acceleration of 2 m/s 2 , as assumed in [30]; • the aircraft total thrust decreases linearly, from the thrust generated in multi-rotor mode to the thrust generated in fixed-wing mode at the beginning of the climb phase (Figure 7); • the power requested to accomplish the phase is given by the time integral of the total provided thrust and the aircraft speed, maintaining a constant value for the propeller efficiency (ηprop = 0.8) and assuming no losses in the mechanical transmission.…”

Section: Mission Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mission Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Conceptual Design Methodology for e-VTOL Aircraft for Urban Air Mobility

et al. 2021

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Recent progress of electric systems has raised attention towards hybrid-electric and full-electric aircraft. Nevertheless, the current low battery energy density limits the application of these propulsive architectures to large transport aircraft. In the context of the general aviation category, full-electric aircraft for the so-called Urban Air Mobility scenario are gaining increasing interest. These air taxis, also called e-VTOL, are conceived to exploit vertical take-off and landing capabilities, to carry people from one point to another, typically within the same city. In this paper, a new conceptual design methodology for urban air vehicles is presented and applied to an innovative convertiplane, called TiltOne, based on a box-wing architecture coupled with tilt-wing mechanisms. Several TiltOne configurations have been designed according to the current regulations imposed by European Union Aviation Safety Agency, and sensitivity analyses have been carried out on the varying main design parameters, such as wing loading and propellers’ disk loading, as well as main top-level aircraft requirements. The results provide an overview for today’s operational capabilities of such aircraft and, in addition, depict possible scenarios for a near-future horizon, based on the assumption of increased performance levels for the electric powertrain components. In such scenario, two different concepts of operations are analysed and discussed: the first is based on a given design range, long enough to cover the urban distances; the second is conceived to exploit the capability of flying multiple shorter missions with a single battery charge. The designed TiltOne configurations derived from these different approaches are presented, highlighting their potential capabilities and possible drawbacks.

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Section: P W Crmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mission Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Conceptual Design Methodology for e-VTOL Aircraft for Urban Air Mobility

et al. 2021

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“…A single-mission approach would reduce noise and ease manufacturability and ground operations, whereas a multiple-mission approach would boost the operational and technical capabilities of the eVTOL. Bacchini et al [15] studied the impact of the lift propeller drag on the performance of the lift and cruise eVTOL aircraft. They concluded that by retracting the lift propellers inside the fuselage, there was a 13% increase in range, 21% increase in flight speed and 38% reduction in drag.…”

Section: Literature Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of VTOL Operated Intercity Electrical Vehicle for Urban Air Mobility

et al. 2021

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This paper discusses the conceptual design of an intercity electrical vertical take-off-and-landing aircraft. A literature survey of existing eVTOL aircrafts, configuration selection, initial sizing, weight estimation, modelling and analysis was conducted. The present intercity eVTOL aircraft has the capability to carry four passengers along with one pilot for a distance of 500 km. Two specific aircraft modes, such as air-taxi and air-cargo mode, are considered in the present design. Market entry is predicted before 2031. Subsequently, innovative technologies are incorporated into the design. The present design features an aerodynamically shaped fuselage, tapered wing and a V-tail design. It can carry a nominal payload of 500 kg to a maximum range of 500 km at a cruise speed of Mach 0.168. The present eVTOL is comprised of a 5 m-long fuselage and an 11 m wingspan. It utilizes six tilt-rotor propeller engines. The maximum take-off weight and empty weight are 1755 kg and 1255 kg, respectively. The unit price is expected to be between USD 14.83 and 17.36 million. This aircraft has an aesthetically pleasing, intelligent and feasible design.

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“…The hydraulic is the primary element for some scissors to elevate in a mechanical motion. That is why hydraulic scissors' supply for up and down movement elevates through the piston and pump (Bacchini et al, 2021;Kayhani et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Design and Strength Analysis of Lifting Machine for Home Appliance Flood Safety Tool: A Problem-based Learning

Sineri

Octary

Ali

et al. 2021

Indonesian J. Multidic. Res.

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In Indonesia, floods become an annual disaster, especially in the rainy season. The number of floods occurs in Indonesia in 2019 reached 1,277 cases. The floodwater can cause massive damage to the home appliance, especially when contacted with electronic devices. Moreover, the lifting machine comes as an excellent solution, securing the electronic device when floods come. A preliminary design of a hydraulic scissors lifter for elevating the home appliance during floods is introduced along with its static and fatigue strength analyses. The proposed design comes up with a combination of scissors lifter mechanism combined with the hydraulic jack device. The analyses in the critical components of the lifting machine - the support link and the scissors rod link - are presented. The lowest and upper conditions are assumed and resulted in a dynamic safety factor of 1.252 for the lowest position and 3.11 for the highest position. These values indicate that the proposed design offers excellent safety. Additionally, this work can be classified as teaching material for the machine element course.

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Impact of lift propeller drag on the performance of eVTOL lift+cruise aircraft

Cited by 41 publications

References 8 publications

A Conceptual Design Methodology for e-VTOL Aircraft for Urban Air Mobility

A Conceptual Design Methodology for e-VTOL Aircraft for Urban Air Mobility

Design and Analysis of VTOL Operated Intercity Electrical Vehicle for Urban Air Mobility

Structural Design and Strength Analysis of Lifting Machine for Home Appliance Flood Safety Tool: A Problem-based Learning

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