Impact of Lipid Metabolism on Antitumor Immune Response

Abstract

Over the past decade, metabolic reprogramming has been defined as a hallmark of cancer. More recently, a large number of studies have demonstrated that metabolic reprogramming can modulate the differentiation and functions of immune cells, and thus modify the antitumor response. Increasing evidence suggests that modified energy metabolism could be responsible for the failure of antitumor immunity. Indeed, tumor-infiltrating immune cells play a key role in cancer, and metabolic switching in these cells has been shown to help determine their phenotype: tumor suppressive or immune suppressive. Recent studies in the field of immunometabolism focus on metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by targeting innate and adaptive immune cells and their associated anti- or protumor phenotypes. In this review, we discuss the lipid metabolism of immune cells in the TME as well as the effects of lipids; finally, we expose the link between therapies and lipid metabolism.

Lipid metabolism characterization in gastric cancer identifies signatures to predict prognostic and therapeutic responses

“…Studies have proven that lipid metabolism can limit the cytotoxic machinery of NK cells via mTOR signaling (Michelet et al, 2018). As well, a recent study showed blockade of PD-L1 in GC influences lipid metabolism by increasing FAPB4/5 expression in CD8 + tissueresident memory T-cells (Mabrouk et al, 2022). Thus, lipid metabolism has been an anticancer target.…”

Inhibition of ACLY overcomes cancer immunotherapy resistance via polyunsaturated fatty acids peroxidation and cGAS-STING activation

“…Lipid synthesis is commonly enhanced to meet the increased demand for rapid cancer cell growth and tumor formation ( 11 , 12 ). Mounting pieces of evidence support the crucial role of lipid synthesis in tumor immunity, but major studies have focused on immune cells themselves so far ( 40 ). For instance, it has been demonstrated that lipid accumulation in dendritic cells impairs their ability to stimulate allogeneic T cells or present tumor-associated antigens ( 41 ).…”

A six lipid metabolism related gene signature for predicting the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

“…Disorders of lipid metabolism can regulate tumor growth by affecting immune cell infiltration, and lipid metabolism disorders regulate immune cell differentiation and function, thereby altering antitumor responses. Growing evidence suggests that altered energy metabolism may be the cause of antitumor immune failure, but few studies have evaluated the relationship between lipid metabolismrelated genes and infiltration of immune cells 14,15 . Analyses of immune cell infiltration revealed that lipid metabolism-related genes were involved in the immune microenvironment and immune cell activity of the tumor.…”