Impact of Lipoprotein Glomerulopathy on the Relationship Between Lipids and Renal Diseases

Macrophage-derived apoESendai suppresses atherosclerosis while causing lipoprotein glomerulopathy in hyperlipidemic mice

“…Several rare apoE mutations have been linked to the development of LPG ( 22 ), with the most common and best characterized being apoE Sendai ( 23 ). The apoE Sendai protein carries a missense mutation of Arg-to-Pro substitution at position 145 (R145P) within the receptor binding domain of apoE ( 24 ). apoE Sendai has the charge of apoE2 and the isoform structure of apoE3 (Cys112, Arg158).…”

“…apoE Sendai has the charge of apoE2 and the isoform structure of apoE3 (Cys112, Arg158). LPG patients carrying apoE Sendai may show a lipoprotein profi le ranging from near normal to one that resembles type III hyperlipoproteinemia (24)(25)(26). Two case studies and one small population study showed that lipid-lowering therapies are linked to improved renal status in LPG patients (27)(28)(29).…”

The kidney and lipids: preface

“…Of interest, a temporary appearance of anti-LCAT antibody in membranous nephropathy can lead to glomerular lesions similar to those in familial LCAT deficiency [7]. However, the classic proof-in-concept demonstration that abnormalities in circulating lipoproteins may cause progressive kidney damage has been provided by studies of Lipoprotein Glomerulopathy (LPG) [8].…”

Significance of a Novel Apolipoprotein E Variant, ApoE Osaka/Kurashiki, in Lipoprotein Glomerulopathy

“…Lipoprotein glomerulopathy (LPG) is a unique kidney disease characterized by lipoprotein thrombi in the glomerulus 1) . Type hyperlipoproteinemia with a high apolipoprotein E (apoE) level in serum is a distinctive feature in the lipoprotein profile 2) .…”

“…Moreover, apoE Chicago (Arg147Pro) 8) and apoE Guangzhou (Arg150Pro) 9) have been reported in the United States and China, respectively. Proline acts as a structural disrupter in the middle of the alpha helix, and is commonly found as the first residue of the alpha helix or in turns in an amino acid arrangement 1,4) . Accordingly, proline is not in or around the LDL-receptor binding domain of apoE which forms a continuous alpha helix.…”