Impact of long-term recycled water irrigation on crop yield and soil chemical properties

Phogat, V.; Mallants, Dirk; Cox, Jim; Šimůnek, Jiřı́; Oliver, Danielle P.; Pitt, Tim; Petrie, Paul R.

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106167

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…This variability could explain why some studies reported that irrigation with WW had no detrimental effects on tree growth and productivity (Minhas et al, 2015; Morgan et al, 2008; Parsons et al, 2001) and soil physicochemical properties (Andrews et al, 2016). It is important to note that these studies are in full disagreement with the results presented here and in previous studies (Assouline & Narkis, 2011, 2013; Assouline et al, 2016; Bardhan et al, 2016; Lado et al, 2012; Noshadi et al, 2013; Paudel et al, 2016; Phogat et al, 2020; Qian & Lin, 2019).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…The reduction in simulated actual transpiration due to changes in soil hydraulic properties induced by irrigation with WW indicates that such irrigation contributes to a decrease in tree performances and, consequently, to the drop in yield. The simulated decrease in actual transpiration of about 10% and an estimated additional decrease in actual transpiration due to higher osmotic pressure related to higher WW salinity (Assouline et al, 2015; Russo et al, 2009) could explain the drop in yields observed in avocado orchards after long‐term irrigation with WW (Assouline et al, 2015; Phogat et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impact of long‐term irrigation with WW on soil hydraulic properties, and consequently, on soil air and water regimes in the root zone, affects plant performances. Several studies reported (Assouline et al, 2015; Noshadi et al, 2013) or predicted (Phogat et al, 2020) a systematic decrease in yields of orchards irrigated with WW. Following more than 10 years of continuous irrigation with WW yields from drip‐irrigated avocado and citrus orchards planted on clayey soils (~50% clay) dropped by approximately 20–30% relative to thosefrom orchards irrigated with local FW (Assouline et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitigating the Impact of Irrigation With Effluent Water: Mixing With Freshwater and/or Adjusting Irrigation Management and Design

Assouline

Kamai

Šimůnek

et al. 2020

Water Resources Research

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The use of treated wastewater (WW) for irrigation is steadily increasing worldwide. However, irrigation with WW requires special attention as it may alter soil hydraulic properties and, eventually, affect crop yields. The main goal of this study was to investigate two approaches that could mitigate this adverse impact: (i) mixing WW with local freshwater (FW) and (ii) adjusting the irrigation management and design to the deteriorated soil hydraulic properties. Four water qualities resulting from mixing FW and WW at different ratios for irrigation of an avocado orchard planted on a clayey soil were considered: FW, M 1/3 (2/3 FW-1/3 WW), M 2/3 (1/3 FW-2/3 WW), and WW. Increasing the WW component in the irrigation water reduces the soil's saturated hydraulic conductivity and infiltrability, and this reduction is depth dependent. It also reduces the transpiration of trees and their trunk growth. This is supported by numerical simulations that showed that irrigation with WW produced the reduction in plant transpiration relative to irrigation with FW. Numerical simulations indicated that irrigation management and design could be adjusted to improve plant water uptake and reduce the differences due to water quality. The results indicate that decreasing the irrigation rate and increasing the wetted area per tree could increase the water uptake in WW-irrigated soils to almost equal that in FW-irrigated soils. This can be achieved by using drippers with lower discharge and by using more drippers per dripline, more driplines per tree, and more drippers per tree (concentric loops of driplines around each trunk).

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 78%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitigating the Impact of Irrigation With Effluent Water: Mixing With Freshwater and/or Adjusting Irrigation Management and Design

Assouline

Kamai

Šimůnek

et al. 2020

Water Resources Research

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“…Phogat et al [94] used the traditional criteria in order to evaluate the long-term impact of recycled water irrigation on soil chemical properties and crop yield. Irrigation with recycled water can potentially increase the soil solution salinity, the sodium adsorption ratio, and the exchangeable sodium percentage in the soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate Analysis for Assessing Irrigation Water Quality: A Case Study of the Bahr Mouise Canal, Eastern Nile Delta

Abdel-Fattah

Abd-Elmabod

Aldosari

et al. 2020

Water

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Water scarcity and suitable irrigation water management in arid regions represent tangible challenges for sustainable agriculture. The current study aimed to apply multivariate analysis and to develop a simplified water quality assessment using principal component analysis (PCA) and the agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) technique to assess the water quality of the Bahr Mouise canal in El-Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. The proposed methods depended on the monitored water chemical composition (e.g., pH, water electrical conductivity (ECiw), Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3−, Cl−, and SO42−) during 2019. Based on the supervised classification of satellite images (Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI)), the distinguished land use/land cover types around the Bahr Mouise canal were agriculture, urban, and water bodies, while the dominating land use was agriculture. The water quality of the Bahr Mouise canal was classified into two classes based on the application of the irrigation water quality index (IWQI), while the water quality was classified into three classes using the PCA and AHC methods. Temporal variations in water quality were investigated, where the water qualities in winter, autumn, and spring (January, February, March, April, November, and December) were classified as class I (no restrictions) based on IWQI application, and the water salinity, sodicity, and/or alkalinity did not represent limiting factors for irrigation water quality. On the other hand, in the summer season (May, June, July, August, and October), the irrigation water was classified as class II (low restrictions); therefore, irrigation processes during summer may lead to an increase in the alkalinity hazard. The PCA classifications were compared with the IWQI results; the PCA classifications had similar assessment results during the year, except in September, while the water quality was assigned to class II using the PCA method and class I by applying the IWQI. Furthermore, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) around the Bahr Mouise canal over eight months and climatic data assisted in explaining the fluctuations in water quality during 2019 as a result of changing the crop season and agriculture management. Assessments of water quality help to conserve soil, reduce degradation risk, and support decision makers in order to obtain sustainable agriculture, especially under water irrigation scarcity and the limited agricultural land in such an arid region.

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“…The used modeling approach was based on the simulation of the overall salinity. An alternative geochemical approach that considers the multicomponent solute reactions and transport (as implemented in the Unsatchem module of HYDRUS-1D [12]) for the calculation of soil electrical conductivity may be more appropriate for optimizing the management of irrigation with highly saline waters [11,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Water and Salt Dynamics in the Soil Profile in the Semi-Arid Region of Tunisia—Evaluation of the Irrigation Method for a Tomato Crop

Kanzari

Daghari

Šimůnek

et al. 2020

Water

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In Tunisia, water used for irrigation is often saline, increasing the risk of salinization for soils and crops. In this study, an experiment was conducted on a tomato crop cultivated on a silty-clay soil irrigated with three different water qualities: 0, 3.5, and 7 dS·m−1. Experimental data were then used to calibrate and validate the Hydrus-1D model, which simulates water flow and salt transfer in soils. The successfully-calibrated and validated model was then used to study the combined effects of the soil osmotic and soil matrix potentials on root water uptake. The values of the root mean square error (RMSE), the coefficient of determination (CD), the modeling efficiency (EF), and the coefficient of residual mass (CRM) were close to their optimal values for both soil water content and soil electrical conductivity profiles, indicating the reliability of the model to reproduce water and salt dynamics. Relative yields (Yr), indirectly estimated using actual and potential root water uptake (transpiration), indicated that the multiplicative stress response model (using the S-shape model) satisfactorily simulates measured yields and reproduces the effects of irrigation with saline waters on crop yields. An alternative scenario using a reduction of water requirements by 50% was investigated to assess an irrigation method with considerable water savings. As the results show that relative yields, Yr, were only slightly reduced, the crop water requirements estimated by CROPWAT 8.0 must have been overestimated. The variation of the soil salinity in the root zone highlighted a high salinization risk in the short-term when water of 7 dS·m−1 is used for irrigation.

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Impact of long-term recycled water irrigation on crop yield and soil chemical properties

Cited by 41 publications

References 62 publications

Mitigating the Impact of Irrigation With Effluent Water: Mixing With Freshwater and/or Adjusting Irrigation Management and Design

Mitigating the Impact of Irrigation With Effluent Water: Mixing With Freshwater and/or Adjusting Irrigation Management and Design

Multivariate Analysis for Assessing Irrigation Water Quality: A Case Study of the Bahr Mouise Canal, Eastern Nile Delta

Simulation of Water and Salt Dynamics in the Soil Profile in the Semi-Arid Region of Tunisia—Evaluation of the Irrigation Method for a Tomato Crop

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