Impact of Maternal Diet on Human Milk Composition Among Lactating Women in Latvia

Aumeistere, Līva; Ciproviča, I.; Zavadska, Dace; Andersons, Juris; Volkovs, Viktors; Ceļmalniece, Kristīne

doi:10.3390/medicina55050173

Cited by 51 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The current finding could be explained by direct transfer of maternal dietary proteins from plasma to BM which adds to the protein synthesized in the mammary secretory cell. In contrary to studies of Bauer and Gerss [36], and Aumeistere et al [37], both revealed that concentration of HM protein is not affected by maternal diet.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Breast Milk Macronutrients in Relation to Infants’ Anthropometric Measures

Abdelhamid¹,

Kamhawy²,

Elkhatib³

et al. 2020

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Breast milk (BM) is the main nutritional source for newborns before they are capable to eat and consume other foods. BM has carbohydrates, lipids, complex proteins, and other biologically active components which have a direct effect on infant growth. AIM: The aim of the study was to correlate anthropometric data of the infant to macronutrients in BM (fat, protein, and carbohydrates) and to find some modifiable issues affecting macronutrient contents of BM for the benefits of upcoming infants. METHODS: One hundred breastfeeding mothers participated in the study, they were recruited from the outpatient clinic, El Demerdash Hospital, Ain Shams University, from September 2019, to December 2019. BM was expressed by an electric pump, macronutrient content was assessed. Anthropometric data of the babies and mothers were obtained, gestational age, parity, age of the women, and the route of birth were recorded. RESULTS: For the macronutrients content of milk, a positive significant correlation was observed between BM fat, protein, and lactose. Infants’ body mass index (BMI) was negatively related to the fat content of BM, while no relation was found between BMI and protein or lactose content of the milk. BM fat content was negatively correlated with gestational age and maternal age. Positive correlations were found between BMI and protein, lactose and infant age. Protein content was negatively correlated with parity. No impact of infant’s sex on BM composition and as regards maternal diet, high protein consumption leading to increase BM protein content. CONCLUSIONS: The current study confirms that BM macronutrient composition has a wide variability; this variability is associated with each macronutrient, respectively. To improve BM composition, one could aim for improving the nutritional balance in lactating women, especially for protein intake. More well-designed longitudinal studies about factors that influence human milk compositions are warranted.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Breast Milk Macronutrients in Relation to Infants’ Anthropometric Measures

Abdelhamid¹,

Kamhawy²,

Elkhatib³

et al. 2020

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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“…The intra-population variance of the HM samples can be determined by many factors, including maternal diet. The influence of maternal diet on the HM fatty acid composition has been very well documented [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]; however, the correlation between other lipids and maternal diet still requires investigation. High variance in lipid composition between mothers observed in this study can also suggest that HM lipid composition changes according to the actual needs of the infant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Lipidomic Study of Human Milk from Different Lactation Stages and Milk Formulas

et al. 2020

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In this report, we present a detailed comparison of the lipid composition of human milk (HM) and formula milk (FM) targeting different lactation stages and infant age range. We studied HM samples collected from 26 Polish mothers from colostrum to 19 months of lactation, along with FM from seven brands available on the Polish market (infant formula, follow-on formula and growing-up formula). Lipid extracts were analysed using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC–Q-TOF–MS). We found that the lipid composition of FM deviates significantly from the HM lipid profile in terms of qualitative and quantitative differences. FM had contrasting lipid profiles mostly across brands and accordingly to the type of fat added but not specific to the target age range. The individual differences were dominant in HM; however, differences according to the lactation stage were also observed, especially between colostrum and HM collected in other lactation stages. Biologically and nutritionally important lipids, such as long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) containing lipid species, sphingomyelines or ether analogues of glycerophosphoethanoloamines were detected in HM collected in all studied lactation stages. The observed differences concerned all the major HM lipid classes and highlight the importance of the detailed compositional studies of both HM and FM.

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“…In light of this, variations in human milk fatty acid composition between individuals and populations have been attributed to cultural differences (such as diet and other lifestyle factors) (6)(7)(8)(9)(10) (11) and human genetic differences (12,13) amongst others. Human milk fatty acid composition can therefore reflect both dietary sources and endogenous biological synthesis of fatty acids (14)(15)(16)(17) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in human milk fatty acid composition and maternal lifestyle-related factors over a decade: a comparison between the two Ulm Birth Cohort Studies

et al. 2020

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Human milk fatty acid composition varies during lactation and is influenced by maternal diet, maternal lifestyle-related factors and genetic background. This is one of the first studies to investigate a period effect, i.e. the impact of lifestyle-related changes on human milk fatty acid composition, in two different cohorts. Lactating women were recruited from the general population a decade apart in Ulm, Germany, using similar methodology. Human milk samples collected 6 weeks post-partum were analysed [Ulm Birth Cohort Study (UBCS (2000)), n=567; Ulm SPATZ Health Study (SPATZ (2012)), n=458)]. Centred log ratio transformation was applied to fatty acid data. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine study-dependent fatty acid profiles. A general linear model was used to determine the study (or period) effect on fatty acid profiles adjusting for duration of gestation, age, education, delivery mode, smoking and pre-pregnancy BMI. Two principal components were retained (PC1 and PC2). PC1 was associated with UBCS, while PC2 was associated with SPATZ. PC1 comprised high saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and low monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), n-6 and n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs). The inverse was true for PC2. Although human milk remains a source of essential fatty acids, infants could be at risk of inadequate n-3 and n-6 LCPUFA intake through human milk. The differences in the human milk fatty acid profiles also reflect changes in maternal dietary habits in the more recent cohort, which may comprise lower intakes of dietary TFAs, SFAs and higher intakes of vegetable oils.

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Impact of Maternal Diet on Human Milk Composition Among Lactating Women in Latvia

Cited by 51 publications

References 47 publications

Breast Milk Macronutrients in Relation to Infants’ Anthropometric Measures

Breast Milk Macronutrients in Relation to Infants’ Anthropometric Measures

Comparative Lipidomic Study of Human Milk from Different Lactation Stages and Milk Formulas

Changes in human milk fatty acid composition and maternal lifestyle-related factors over a decade: a comparison between the two Ulm Birth Cohort Studies

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