Impact of mechanical shelling and dehulling on<i>Fusarium</i>infection and fumonisin contamination in maize

Fandohan, P.; Ahouansou, Roger; Houssou, Paul; Hell, K.; Marasas, W. F. O.; Wingfield, M.J.

doi:10.1080/02652030500442516

Cited by 50 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…It is worth to note that FB exposure data generated by this and other [25,33] studies that used contamination data for unmilled maize might have been overestimated. This is because in the course of milling, maize undergoes a dehulling step that is known to reduce FB contamination in the consumed fraction; the flour [25,37,38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…This is because in the course of milling, maize undergoes a dehulling step that is known to reduce FB contamination in the consumed fraction; the flour [25,37,38]. Therefore, use of contamination data determined in ready-to-cook maize flour or ready-to-eat complementary food would generate better estimate of the FBs exposure in this community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The same study also revealed that in contrast to people in the other regions, people in Kilimanjaro consume whole maize which may contain more FBs than dehulled maize. It has been reported that dehulling removes most of the toxins in the bran and germ fractions [25]. In a follow-up study of FBs in the 2006 home grown maize in Kilimanjaro, Kimanya [26] found FB levels up to 21 667 lg/kg in samples of freshly harvested maize collected before sorting and 1758 lg/kg in the same stocks of maize after they had been sorted and stored for 5 months.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposure of infants to fumonisins in maize‐based complementary foods in rural Tanzania

Kimanya

Meulenaer

Baert

et al. 2009

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Feeding children with maize may expose them to fumonisins (FBs). This study assessed FB exposure for infants consuming maize in Tanzania by modeling maize consumption data (kg/kg body weight (bw)/day) with previously collected total FB contamination (microg/kg) patterns for sorted and unsorted maize harvested in 2005 and 2006. Consumption was estimated by twice conducting a 24 h dietary recall for 254 infants. The exposure assessment was performed with the @RISK analysis software. Of the infants, 89% consumed maize from 2.37 to 158 g/person/day (mean; 43 g/person/day +/- 28). Based on the contamination for sorted maize; in 2005, the percentage of infants with FB exposures above the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) of 2 microg/kg (bw) (26% (95% confidence interval (CI); 23-30)) was significantly higher than the level of 3% (90% CI; 2-12) in 2006. Pooling the datasets for sorted maize from the two seasons resulted in a seemingly more representative risk (10% (95% CI; 6-17)) of exceeding the PMTDI. However, infants who might have consumed unsorted maize would still be at a significantly higher risk (24% (95% CI; 15-34)) of exceeding the PMTDI. Sorting and other good maize management practices should be advocated to farmers in order to minimize FB exposure in rural areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposure of infants to fumonisins in maize‐based complementary foods in rural Tanzania

Kimanya

Meulenaer

Baert

et al. 2009

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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“…It was previously reported that aflatoxin and fumonisin was related to storage structures (Hell et al, 2010;Fandohan et al, 2005), insect infestation (Udoh et al, 2000;Hell et al, 2000;Fandohan et al, 2005), length of storage time (Orsi et al, 2000;Egal et al, 2005), climatic conditions Milani, 2013), sorting (Hell and Mutegi, 2011), Drying methods (Atukwase et al, 2009). …”

Section: Total Aflatoxin and Fumonisin Contamination In Storage Beansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aflatoxin and Fumonisin Contamination of at-harvest and Storage Beans in Babati District, Northern Tanzania

Nyangi¹

2016

GJAS

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The natural occurrence of total aflatoxin and fumonisin was determined in 38 bean at-harvest samples and 106 storage beans samples in the year 2013 in Babati District Northern Tanzania. Quantification for total aflatoxin and fumonisin was done using Enzymes Linked Immunosorbent Assay -ELISA (Reveal AccuScan ® Neogen, USA), and the results were confirmed using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometer (LC-MS/MS). Eighteen percent (7/38) of bean at harvest samples were contaminated with up to 3 µg/kg aflatoxins and no bean sample was contaminated with fumonisins. There was a significant correlation (p < 0.05) between the concentration of aflatoxins and fumonisins with climatic zones and agronomic practices. Only bean samples from the high altitude high rain zone were contaminated with aflatoxins (mean level of 1.53 µg/kg). For storage beans, samples from Seloto village were associated with higher aflatoxin concentration (mean of 3.74 µg/kg) and those from Long village were associated with higher fumonisin levels (mean of 9.0 mg/kg). These results indicate that beans consumers in the study area are exposed to the danger of chronic exposure to aflatoxin and fumonisin poisoning. Thus, those practices that reduce contamination should be adopted by all farmers in the study area to reduce the health hazards associated with consumption of contaminated beans. This also calls for further research to investigate human exposure to aflatoxin and fumonisin in the study area.

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“…Furthermore, single factor and orthogonal experiments were performed to determine the optimal operating parameters of the bionic threshing device (Fandohan et al,2006;Li et al, 2014;.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and analysis of a bionic threshing device based on threshing using bare hands

2016

Revista de la Facultad de Ingeniería

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Bare hand threshing is the most original and most effective method of threshing seed corn kernel with minimal damage. Bionic threshing roller was designed based on bare hands out of the bionic threshing principle. By high-speed photography experiment shows that the device can was low damage ordered threshing in accordance with bare hand threshing mechanism of corn ear. On single factor test of bionic threshing device determine that the threshing roller better speed was 250r/min, and the differential speed roller better speed was 100r/min. Then choose the threshing roller speed, differential speed roller speed and threshing nip as the factor of the device conduct orthogonal test, The results show that the influence of various factors on the broken rate is the differential speed roller speed, the threshing roller speed, and the threshing nip, the better combination is the differential speed roller speed was 150 r/min, the threshing roller speed was 250 r/min, and the threshing nip was 4.5mm. Various factors on the removal rate is the threshing nip, the threshing roller speed and the differential speed roller speed, and the better combination is the threshing nip was 4.5mm, the threshing roller speed was 250 r/min and the differential speed roller speed was 75 r/min. On the basis of this, the test results are analyzed and evaluated according to the comprehensive evaluation method, get the optimal parameters combination of each factor is the differential speed roller speed was 150 r/min, the threshing roller speed was 250 r/min, and the threshing nip was 4.5mm, under these conditions, the damage rate was 0.07%, and the removal rate was 97.32%.

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Impact of mechanical shelling and dehulling onFusariuminfection and fumonisin contamination in maize

Cited by 50 publications

References 9 publications

Exposure of infants to fumonisins in maize‐based complementary foods in rural Tanzania

Exposure of infants to fumonisins in maize‐based complementary foods in rural Tanzania

Aflatoxin and Fumonisin Contamination of at-harvest and Storage Beans in Babati District, Northern Tanzania

Design and analysis of a bionic threshing device based on threshing using bare hands

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