Impact of medical waste incineration in the atmospheric PCDD/F levels of Porto, Portugal

Coutinho, M.; Pereira, Marcelo Luiz; Rodrigues, Ricardo Ribeiro; Borrego, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.06.012

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For waste with high Cl content, a large amount of PCDD/Fs are generated during the incineration process (Hatanaka et al, 2005). Flue gas may have a high PCDD/F concentration and cause secondary air pollution (Coutinho et al, 2006). Even with good removal efficiency via air pollution control devices (APCDs), the PCDD/F content of fly ash waste medical incinerators is often much higher than that from MSW incinerators (Gidarakos et al, 2009;Wu et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) Emission Behavior during Incineration of Laboratory Waste. Part 1: Emission Profiles Obtained Using Chemical Assay and Bioassay

Lin

Wang

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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This study describes polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) behavior during the incineration of laboratory waste, including combustible laboratory solid waste (LSW), laboratory plastic waste (LPW), and organic laboratory liquid waste (LLW). Stack flue gas (SFG), input materials, bottom ash (BTA), first quenching tower ash (FQA), secondary quenching tower ash (SQA), and baghouse ash (BHA) were sampled and analyzed using high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) assay and bioassay. The PCDD/F concentration of SFG met the standard in Taiwan. The Cl levels of LPW and LLW were roughly equivalent to that of municipal solid waste (MSW). Therefore, the SFG concentration, content of fly ash, and distribution behavior of PCDD/Fs are reasonably similar to those of MSW incinerators. The LSW had an extremely high Cl level (11.4%). The emission factor of the whole incineration system was 888 µg I-TEQ/ton-waste, which is 10-fold higher than that of MSW. The PCDD/F was mainly in BTA (31.6 wt.%) and fly ash (63.1 wt.%), resulting in higher PCDD/F level of ashes compared with that of MSW ashes. Both HRGC/HRMS analysis and bioassay results show similar PCDD/F emission characteristics during the incineration of LW. In addition, the linear regression between the values acquired using these two methods show a good relation (R 2 > 0.84), indicating that Ad-DR bioassay is a promising fast-screen method for determining PCDD/F levels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) Emission Behavior during Incineration of Laboratory Waste. Part 1: Emission Profiles Obtained Using Chemical Assay and Bioassay

Lin

Wang

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…section 2.1), the impact of airborne toxic releases on vulnerable segments of population in urban areas is absolutely relevant for the generation of risk maps (Corburn, 2007;Coutinho et al, 2006;Coutinho-Rodrigues et al, 2011); in fact, this constitutes an important spatial component of the problem. Therefore, the evaluation of impacts in particular points representing urban facilities dedicated to more sensitive people, such as children, patients, or elderly people, may well be of great interest.…”

Section: Insert Figure 4 About Herementioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive multicriteria decision support system for spatial planning analysis

Alçada-Almeida¹,

Coutinho-Rodrigues²,

Almeida³

2013

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal E

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This paper builds up on previous work entailing, in a first stage, the development of a geographic information system (GIS)-based environmental modelling approach; in a second stage, it entailed the development of a stand-alone more generic integrated spatial decision support system. The latter system was designed to address general spatial decision problems in such a way that enables interactive definition of mathematical models, the spatial entities involved and their attributes. This manuscript focuses primarily on a further development that implements a multicriteria modelling framework supporting sophisticated evaluation and comparison of hypothetical alternative scenarios in the context of spatial decision problems. Typically several conflicting generally incommensurable criteria are involved which derive from the multidimensional nature of most of the decision problems. In such circumstances, multicriteria techniques are recommended to be used in the analysis process. Overall, at the very beginning, the decision maker (DM) is not fully aware of the whole problem in hands and hence an effective learning process needs to be undertaken. Operating interactively with the methods above, either simultaneously or following up a given sequence, the DM may become effectively acquainted with the whole problem by investigating possible coherences among results obtained; also, by analysing sensitivity of variations in input data.

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“…During the incineration of solid wastes, toxic pollutants, such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs), are generated (Wang et al, 2010;Du et al, 2013;Thacker et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2013). Without air pollution control devices (APCDs), the flue gas may have a high PCDD/F concentration and cause secondary air pollution (Coutinho et al, 2006). Due to the stringent standard for PCDD/Fs, > 90% of PCDD/Fs is collected as fly ashes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) Emission Behavior during Incineration of Laboratory Wastes. Part 2: PCDD/F Profiles and Characteristics of Output Materials

Liao

Wang

Tsai

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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This study investigates the polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) profiles of output materials and the influence of Cl content of input materials during the incineration of laboratory waste. The specimens, namely bottom ash (BTA), first quenching tower ash (FQA), secondary quenching tower ash (SQA), baghouse ash (BHA), and stack flue gas (SFG), were sampled and analyzed using high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry, fieldemission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), ion chromatography, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The Cl content was highest in FQA, followed by that in SQA, BHA, and BTA, and most of the Cl existed in soluble form, especially for FQA and SQA. The Cl mass was mainly distributed in FQA and BTA during incineration. The PCDD/F content of ash in each category was highly related to the Cl level in the input materials. The PCDD/Fs of all ashes and the particulate phase of SFG were mainly 7-Cl or 8-Cl PCDD/Fs, but those of the gas phase in SFG were mainly 4-6 Cl PCDD/Fs. In addition, an increase of Cl in the input materials increased the fractions of 7-Cl and 8-Cl PCDD/Fs. The XRD analysis results indicate that the main crystalline phase in fly ashes was NaCl. FE-SEM images show a porous granular morphology, which is consistent with the XRD analysis results.

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Impact of medical waste incineration in the atmospheric PCDD/F levels of Porto, Portugal

Cited by 31 publications

References 9 publications

Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) Emission Behavior during Incineration of Laboratory Waste. Part 1: Emission Profiles Obtained Using Chemical Assay and Bioassay

Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) Emission Behavior during Incineration of Laboratory Waste. Part 1: Emission Profiles Obtained Using Chemical Assay and Bioassay

Interactive multicriteria decision support system for spatial planning analysis

Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) Emission Behavior during Incineration of Laboratory Wastes. Part 2: PCDD/F Profiles and Characteristics of Output Materials

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