Impact of mGluR5 during amphetamine-induced hyperactivity and conditioned hyperactivity in differentially reared rats

Gill, Margaret J.; Arnold, Jennifer C.; Cain, Mary E.

doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2565-0

Cited by 15 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Further, the SC rats demonstrated behavioral sensitization, while the EC and IC rats did not. This result is consistent with previous research suggesting that at moderate to high doses of amphetamine, the differences between EC and IC rats may be diminished (Arndt et al, 2014; Bardo et al, 1995; Cain et al, 2012; Gill et al, 2012; Wooters et al, 2011). We speculate that with high doses the locomotor stimulating effects of amphetamine surmount the protective effect of an enriched environment.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Our EC, IC, and SC environmental conditions have been explained previously articles (Arndt et al, 2014; Arndt et al, 2015; Cain et al, 2012; Gill et al, 2012) Briefly, rats in the EC were housed in a large metal cage (60×120×45 cm) that was lined with paper pulp bedding. The EC cage contained 8–12 other rats and contained 14 objects (toys, PVC pipe).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enrichment also reduces the locomotor response to low doses of psychostimulants (Bardo et al, 1995; Green et al, 2002). Enrichment decreases acute amphetamine-induced hyperactivity when compared to isolation (Bardo et al 1995; Cain, Mersmann, Gill, & Pittenger, 2012; Gill, Arnold, & Cain, 2012). Enrichment also decreases psychostimulant-induced sensitization across a range of psychostimulants when compared to isolation (Bardo et al, 1995; Cain et al, 2012; Coolon and Cain, 2009; Smith et al, 1997; Wooters et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential housing and novelty response: Protection and risk from locomotor sensitization

Garcia

Haddon

Saucier

et al. 2017

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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High novelty seeking increases the risk for drug experimentation and locomotor sensitization. Locomotor sensitization to psychostimulants is thought to reflect neurological adaptations that promote the transition to compulsive drug taking. Rats reared in enrichment (EC) show less locomotor sensitization when compared to rats reared in isolation (IC) or standard conditions (SC). The current research study was designed to test if novelty response contributed locomotor sensitization and more importantly, if the different housing environments could change the novelty response to protect against the development of locomotor sensitization in both adolescence and adulthood. Experiment 1: rats were tested for their response to novelty using the inescapable novelty test (IEN) and pseudorandomly assigned to enriched (EC), isolated (IC), or standard (SC) housing conditions for 30 days. After housing, they were tested with IEN. Rats were then administered amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg) or saline and locomotor activity was measured followed by a sensitization test 14 days later. Experiment 2: rats were tested in the IEN test early adulthood and given five administrations of amphetamine (0.3 mg/kg) or saline and then either stayed in or switched housing environments for 30 days. Rats were then re-tested in the IEN test in late adulthood and administered five more injections of their respective treatments and tested for locomotor sensitization. Results indicate that IC and SC increased the response to novelty. EC housing decreased locomotor response to amphetamine and saline, and SC housing increased the locomotor response to amphetamine. Mediation results indicated that the late adult novelty response fully mediates the locomotor response to amphetamine and saline, while the early adulthood novelty response did not. Conclusions Differential housing changes novelty and amphetamine locomotor response. Novelty response is altered into adulthood and provides evidence that enrichment can be used to reduce drug vulnerability.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differential housing and novelty response: Protection and risk from locomotor sensitization

Garcia

Haddon

Saucier

et al. 2017

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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“…The similarity in the observed behavior between IC and SC rats compared to EC rats is consistent with recent studies (Wooters et al, 2011; Cain et al, 2012; Gill et al, 2012), and suggests that enrichment is attenuating the response to amphetamine, rather than isolation rearing that is increasing the response to amphetamine.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…These results extend our previous findings that differential rearing alters the effects of an mGluR 5 antagonist, MTEP (1.0 mg/kg), on amphetamine-induced locomotor activity (Gill et al, 2012) and suggests that differential rearing is also altering the functioning of presynaptic mGluRs. Together, these results suggest that differential rearing is altering both presynaptic and postsynaptic metabotropic receptors and supports our hypothesis that differential rearing alters glutamatergic tone.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The effects of mGluR2/3 activation on acute and repeated amphetamine-induced locomotor activity in differentially reared male rats.

Arndt

Arnold

Cain

2014

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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Environmental stimuli play a key role in affecting the likelihood to abuse drugs. Environmental enrichment can reduce that likelihood. Importantly, glutamate contributes to both drug reward and rearing-induced changes in the brain. The current study investigated the effects of the Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR2/3) agonist, LY-379268 (0.5, 1.0 mg/kg), on acute and repeated amphetamine-induced locomotor activity in differentially reared male rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of three environmental conditions post-weaning: enriched (EC), isolated (IC), or standard (SC), where they reared for 30 days. The effect of LY-379268 on acute amphetamine-induced locomotor activity was assessed. Rats were injected with either LY-379268 (0.5, 1.0 mg/kg) or saline prior to an amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg) or saline challenge injection. Rats were also administered amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg) or saline injections prior to 5 locomotor sessions. Following a rest period of 14–15 days, the effects of repeated amphetamine exposure were evaluated using LY-379268 (0.5; 1.0 mg/kg) or saline injections 30 minutes prior to receiving amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg). Results showed that LY-379268 administration dose-dependently attenuated acute amphetamine-induced locomotor activity, with EC rats generally displaying less attenuation compared to IC or SC rats. After repeated amphetamine administrations, the ability of LY-379268 to attenuate the final expression of amphetamine-induced locomotor activity in differentially reared rats was dose dependent. The differing effect of LY-379268 observed in EC rats suggests enrichment-induced glutamatergic alterations that may protect against sensitivity to psychostimulants.

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Differential effects of social and physical environmental enrichment on brain plasticity, cognition, and ultrasonic communication in rats

Brenes

Lackinger

Höglinger

et al. 2015

J of Comparative Neurology

134

107

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Environmental enrichment (EE) exerts beneficial effects on brain plasticity, cognition, and anxiety/depression, leading to a brain that can counteract deficits underlying various brain disorders. Because the complexity of the EE commonly used makes it difficult to identify causal aspects, we examined possible factors using a 2 × 2 design with social EE (two vs. six rats) and physical EE (physically enriched vs. nonenriched). For the first time, we demonstrate that social and physical EE have differential effects on brain plasticity, cognition, and ultrasonic communication. Expectedly, physical EE promoted neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampal formation, but not in the subventricular zone, and, as a novel finding, affected microRNA expression levels, with the activity-dependent miR-124 and miR-132 being upregulated. Concomitant improvements in cognition were observed, yet social deficits were seen in the emission of prosocial 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) paralleled by a lack of social approach in response to them, consistent with the intense world syndrome/theory of autism. In contrast, social EE had only minor effects on brain plasticity and cognition, but led to increased prosocial 50-kHz USV emission rates and enhanced social approach behavior. Importantly, social deficits following physical EE were prevented by additional social EE. The finding that social EE has positive whereas physical EE has negative effects on social behavior indicates that preclinical studies focusing on EE as a potential treatment in models for neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by social deficits, such as autism, should include social EE in addition to physical EE, because its lack might worsen social deficits.

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Impact of mGluR5 during amphetamine-induced hyperactivity and conditioned hyperactivity in differentially reared rats

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

Differential housing and novelty response: Protection and risk from locomotor sensitization

Differential housing and novelty response: Protection and risk from locomotor sensitization

The effects of mGluR2/3 activation on acute and repeated amphetamine-induced locomotor activity in differentially reared male rats.

Differential effects of social and physical environmental enrichment on brain plasticity, cognition, and ultrasonic communication in rats

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