Impact of Moxifloxacin versus Clarithromycin on Normal Oropharyngeal Microflora

Beyer, Gerrit; Hiemer-Bau, M.; Ziege, S.; Edlund, Charlotta; Lode, H.; Nord, Carl Erik

doi:10.1007/s100960000304

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Both orally administered drugs, moxi oxacin and clarithromycin, had a notable impact on the oropharyngeal and intestinal ora (10,11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Until now, only 2 reports on multipledose kinetics of moxi oxacin have been published (8,9). Therefore, in investigations on the ecological effects of moxi oxacin on the normal intestinal and oropharyngeal micro ora (10,11), the pharmacokinetics of moxi oxacin after single and multiple oral doses were evaluated in 12 healthy male volunteers. Clarithromycin was given as the second drug.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single- and Multiple-dose Pharmacokinetics of Oral Moxifloxacin and Clarithromycin, and Concentrations in Serum, Saliva and Faeces

Burkhardt¹,

Börner²,

Staß³

et al. 2002

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Moxi oxacin and clarithromycin are important antibacterial drugs in the treatment of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. In a double-blind, randomized, 2-period cross-over study the pharmacokinetics of moxi oxacin versus clarithromycin were determined after single and multiple doses in 12 healthy male volunteers. The concentrations of the antibiotics in serum, saliva and faeces were measured by validated high-performance liquid chromatographi c methods. In serum, moxi oxacin exhibited a mean peak concentration of 3.1 90.6 mg/ l after a time to peak concentration of 1.67 9 0.96 h on day 1, with a signi cant increase to 3.989 1.10 mg/ l on day 7 (p B0.05). The area under the curve-12 revealed a highly signi cant increase from 28.2 9 4.1 mg*h/ l on day 1 to 39.5 96.6 mg*h/ l on day 7 (p B 0.01). There were also signi cant differences in terminal half-life between day 1 and day 7 [10.6 h (range 9.0 -12.8) vs 14.9 h (range 12.6 -28.1); p B 0.01] and in mean residence time (15.1 9 1.9 vs 18.2 9 2.4 h; p B0.01). The concentrations of moxi oxacin in saliva were well equilibrated with serum at a relatively constant saliva -serum ratio of about 0.8. Pharmacokinetic parameters of clarithromycin and its metabolite, 14-hydroxy-clarithromycin , were similar to previously published data. Accumulation was found. No serious adverse events were observed with either study drug.

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“…Both orally administered drugs, moxi oxacin and clarithromycin, had a notable impact on the oropharyngeal and intestinal ora (10,11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single- and Multiple-dose Pharmacokinetics of Oral Moxifloxacin and Clarithromycin, and Concentrations in Serum, Saliva and Faeces

Burkhardt¹,

Börner²,

Staß³

et al. 2002

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…There have been several investigations examining the impact of macrolides and ketolides on the intestinal and oropharyngeal microbiota (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Effect of Solithromycin on Normal Human Oropharyngeal and Intestinal Microbiota

Rashid

Rosenborg

Panagiotidis

et al. 2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Solithromycin is a new fluoroketolide. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of orally administered solithromycin on the human oropharyngeal and intestinal microbiota. Thirteen healthy volunteers (median age, 27.3 years) received oral solithromycin at 800 mg on day 1 followed by 400 mg daily on days 2 to 7. Fecal and saliva samples were collected at baseline and on days 2, 5, 7, 9, 14, and 21 for pharmacokinetic and microbiological analyses. Plasma samples were collected predose on days 2, 5, and 7 as proof of exposure, and solithromycin concentration ranges were 21.9 to 258 ng/ml, 18.0 to 386 ng/ml, and 16.9 to 417 ng/ml, respectively. The solithromycin concentrations in feces were 15.8 to 65.4 mg/kg, 24.5 to 82.7 mg/kg, 21.4 to 82.7 mg/kg, 12.1 to 72.4 mg/kg, 0.2 to 25.6 mg/kg, and 0 to 0.5 mg/kg on days 2, 5, 7, 9, 14, and 21, respectively. The numbers of enterobacteria and enterococci decreased and were normalized on day 14. The numbers of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria decreased from day 2 to day 14 and were normalized on day 21. The clostridia decreased on days 2, 7, and 14 and were normalized on day 21. No Clostridium difficile strains or toxins were detected during the study period. The number of Bacteroides strains was not significantly changed. The solithromycin concentrations in saliva were 0 to 1.2 mg/liter, 0 to 0.5 mg/liter, 0 to 0.5 mg/liter, and 0 to 0.1 mg/liter on days 2, 5, 7, and 9, respectively. The numbers of streptococci decreased on day 2 and were normalized on day 5. The numbers of lactobacilli, prevotellae, fusobacteria, and leptotrichiae decreased from day 2 and were normalized on day 21.

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“…Third, we screened for colonization by resistant organisms only through 30 days after initiation of antibiotic, a time frame similar to or exceeding that employed by other investigators examining the effects of antibiotics on stool flora. 34,[47][48][49][50][51][52] It is possible, however, that differences in prevalence of resistant phenotypes may have become apparent beyond this point. Finally, it also is possible that repeated courses of single-dose ceftriaxone administered to millions of children may lead to a greater expansion of resistant populations compared with other antibiotics, a phenomenon undetectable even with the relatively large sample size in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Effects of Single-Dose Ceftriaxone Versus Three Oral Antibiotic Regimens on Stool Colonization by Resistant Bacilli in Children

Toltzis

Dul²,

O’Riordan³

et al. 2007

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Impact of Moxifloxacin versus Clarithromycin on Normal Oropharyngeal Microflora

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

Single- and Multiple-dose Pharmacokinetics of Oral Moxifloxacin and Clarithromycin, and Concentrations in Serum, Saliva and Faeces

Single- and Multiple-dose Pharmacokinetics of Oral Moxifloxacin and Clarithromycin, and Concentrations in Serum, Saliva and Faeces

Ecological Effect of Solithromycin on Normal Human Oropharyngeal and Intestinal Microbiota

Comparative Effects of Single-Dose Ceftriaxone Versus Three Oral Antibiotic Regimens on Stool Colonization by Resistant Bacilli in Children

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