Impact of multiple tissue layers on an implantable LC sensor

Yvanoff, M.; Venkataraman, Jayanti; Fuller, Lynn

doi:10.1002/mop.23216

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The saturation thickness can be described by Eqs. 8 , 9 and 10 , where a1 and a2 are both functions of digit width W and gap width D [ 34 ]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel inductively coupled capacitor wireless sensor system for rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing

Xu,

Ren

2023

J Biol Eng

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Background The increasing prevalence and severity of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) present a major challenge to our healthcare system. Rapid detection of AMR is essential for lifesaving under emergent conditions such as sepsis. The current gold standard phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) takes more than a day to obtain results. Genotypic ASTs are faster (hours) in detecting the presence of resistance genes but require specific probes/knowledge of each AMR gene and do not provide specific information at the phenotype level. To address this unmet challenge, we developed a new rapid phenotypic AST. Result We designed a new electrochemical biosensor based on the concept of magnetically coupled LC sensors. The engineered LC sensors can be placed in 96-well plates and communicate the reading remotely with a receiver coil for signal analysis. The sensors were validated by monitoring the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the presence and absence of different antibiotics. Drug-resistant strains were used as controls. Bacterial growth was detected within 30 min after inoculation, allowing rapid determination of antibiotic susceptibility at the phenotype level. The sensor also functions in the presence of host proteins when tested with 2% FBS in growth media. Conclusions With the compatibility with 96-well plates, this label-free rapid 30-min AST has the potential for low-cost applications with simple integration into the existing workflow in clinical settings.

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“…The saturation thickness can be described by Eqs. 8 , 9 and 10 , where a1 and a2 are both functions of digit width W and gap width D [ 34 ]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel inductively coupled capacitor wireless sensor system for rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing

Xu,

Ren

2023

J Biol Eng

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“…Ong et al (2001) proposed a wireless sensor connecting an interdigitated capacitor (IDC) and a spiral inductor. Yvanoff et al (2008) reported a similar wireless sensor design. Such a wireless sensor has the advantages of easy fabrication and low cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Microfabricated self-resonant structure as a passive wireless dielectric constant and conductivity sensor

2011

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This paper describes a low cost, passive wireless dielectric constant and conductivity sensor using a microfabricated inductor with interdigitated capacitors (IDC). A self-resonant-structure (SRS) is designed by incorporating IDC electrodes in the inter-winding space of the inductor. The distributed capacitance and conductance of the sensor is affected by dielectric constant (e) and conductivity (r) of its environment or material under test (MUT). The e and r can be used to provide information about the surrounding environment. This serves as an impedance transducer changing the resonant frequency and phase dip of the SRS. The SRS is interrogated using a noncontact inductively coupled reader coil. The change in resonance frequency and phase dip of the SRS is used to detect material properties of the environment/MUT. The relationship between sensor layout and coupling factor between sensor and reader is investigated. Optimizations of the coupling factor based on this relationship are discussed. IDC design trade-offs between the sensor's sensitivity and coupling factor are also investigated. The sensor's response to variety of liquid MUTs with a wide range of dielectric constant and conductivity is presented.

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“…Furthermore, there was no analysis on inductive coupling reduction in physiological environment. There are papers discussing power attenuation in tissue [10,[16][17][18], but comprehensive systematic study of the influencing factors for the induced voltage is rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic analysis and experiment of inductive coupling and induced voltage for inductively coupled wireless implantable neurostimulator application

Xue¹,

Cho²,

Chang³

et al. 2012

J. Micromech. Microeng.

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The main strategy for wireless power transfer to implantable devices is to use inductive coupling technology. The induced voltage of implanted devices highly depends on factors such as mutual inductance between the external transmitter coil and the receiver coil, quality factor of the receiver circuit and operation frequency. In this paper, the mutual inductance under a variety of geometries of external coil and under the condition of different vertical distances, lateral displacements and angular misalignments between two coils were theoretically calculated and simulated. To ascertain the condition of maximum power transmission for certain coils’ position requirements, an LC tank (2.7 mm × 2 mm) consisting of a microfabricated gold inductor coil and a small surface mounted capacitor was designed and fabricated as the telemetric part of a neurostimulator. The induced voltage of the LC tank was measured in both air and artificial tissue media under different sizes of power coil and operation frequencies. As a result, the optimum size of a transmitter coil is selected to be of 4 mm inner radius with six turns of coil, while the whole coupling system operates at 94 MHz resonant frequency within 5–11 mm vertical distance, 0–4 mm lateral and 0°–50° angular misalignment between two coils. With the change of the above coils’ positions, the measured induced voltage drops within 30%, satisfying the surgical requirement for neurostimulator implantation.

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Impact of multiple tissue layers on an implantable LC sensor

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

A novel inductively coupled capacitor wireless sensor system for rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing

A novel inductively coupled capacitor wireless sensor system for rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing

Microfabricated self-resonant structure as a passive wireless dielectric constant and conductivity sensor

Systematic analysis and experiment of inductive coupling and induced voltage for inductively coupled wireless implantable neurostimulator application

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