Impact of n-butanol and hydrous ethanol fumigation on the performance and pollutant emissions of an automotive diesel engine

López, Andrés; Cadrazco, Marlon; Agudelo, Andrés; Corredor, Lesmes; Vélez, Juan A.; Agudelo, John R.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2015.03.022

Cited by 90 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…As expected, the PN is inversely proportional to NO x emission. The outcomes achieved are consistent with previous issues announced in [32,75]. Nabi et al [75] found that the PN was oppositely relative to NO, with a very high correlation coefficient.…”

Section: Gaseous Emission Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…From the literature, no information can be gained on the impact of hydrous ethanol gasoline blends on particulate matter emissions from a port injection gasoline engine. Several investigations have studied the effects of hydrous ethanol fuel on PM emissions from diesel engines [31][32][33], and they found that hydrous ethanol was effective in reducing PM emissions from diesel engines. Hence, research on PM emissions for the hydrous ethanol gasoline blends is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emission of Hydrous Ethanol Gasoline Blends Fuel in a Port Injection Gasoline Engine

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The industrialization that increases day by day needs more and more power/fuel sources that are commonly available, abundant, renewable, and environmentally friendly. Recently, nearly all of the cities in China (PRC) have been influenced by haze. However, the pollutants from automobiles have always been seriously considered to be the main contamination causes of the haze and that influence human health. This study concerns the impact of hydrous ethanol on in-cylinder pressure, particulate matter (PM), and gaseous emissions (oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) and unburned hydrocarbon (HC)) from a port fuel injection (PFI) gasoline engine. Tests were conducted on a four-cylinder port injection gasoline engine at different engine loads at an engine speed of 2000 rev/min for commercial gasoline, hydrous ethanol-gasoline blends (10% and 20% hydrous ethanol by volume), and an anhydrous ethanol-gasoline blend (20% anhydrous ethanol by volume). The results show that the peak in-cylinder pressure with the use of gasoline was the highest compared with the hydrous ethanol and anhydrous ethanol blends. Compared with the anhydrous ethanol blend, the hydrous ethanol blends performed well at a high load condition, equivalent to a low load. In addition, the total particulate number (PN) declines with an increase in engine operating loads for all of the fuels tested. The outcome of this study is an important reduction in PM number, mass emissions, and mean diameters of particles as the use of hydrous ethanol blends increases, while the form of the particulate size distribution remains the same. Furthermore, the NO x emission is raised with a rise in engine load, and NO x and HC emissions are reduced with the use of hydrous ethanol and anhydrous ethanol blend as equated with pure gasoline. Moreover, the correlation between the total particle number against NO x and HC has been found; the number of particles increases when the NO x emission decreases, and the opposite trend is exhibited for the HC emission. Therefore, it can be concluded that hydrous ethanol blends look to be a good selection for PM, NO x , and HC reduction for gasoline engines.

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Section: Gaseous Emission Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emission of Hydrous Ethanol Gasoline Blends Fuel in a Port Injection Gasoline Engine

et al. 2017

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“…The results showed that the THC of 20% n-butanol fuel is higher than that of diesel fuel, mainly because of the decrease of the cetane number of n-butanol-diesel fuel blends. Studies by López, Tutak, and others [2,[13][14][15][16][17][18] have also shown that the cetane number has a significant effect on HC emissions.Further research has indicated that the main cause of the change in HC emissions is the latent heat of vaporization and the cetane number of the fuel effects on the combustion temperature and combustion duration during the combustion process. Atmanli [7] conducted a studies on pure diesel, diesel-hazelnut oil-n-butanol blended fuel, diesel-hazelnut oil-1-pentanol blended fuel, and EHN in a four-cylinder, heavy-duty diesel engine.…”

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confidence: 88%

Experimental Study of the Effect of Intake Oxygen Concentration on Engine Combustion Process and Hydrocarbon Emissions with N-Butanol-Diesel Blended Fuel

et al. 2019

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This paper summarizes a study based on a modified, light, single-cylinder diesel engine and the effects of the physicochemical properties for n-butanol-diesel blended fuel on the combustion process and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions in the intake at a medium speed and moderate load in, an oxygen-rich environment (Coxy = 20.9-16%), an oxygen-medium environment (Coxy = 16-12%), and an oxygen-poor environment (Coxy = 12-9%). The results show that the ignition delay period is the main factor affecting the combustion process and it has a decisive influence on HC emissions. In an oxygen-medium environment, combustion duration affected by the cetane number is the main reason for the difference in HC emissions between neat diesel fuel (B00) and diesel/n-butanol blended fuel (B20), and its influence increases as the intake oxygen concentration decreases. In an oxygen-poor environment, in-cylinder combustion temperature affected by the latent heat of vaporization is the main reason for the difference in HC emissions between B00 and B20 fuels, and its influence increases as the intake oxygen concentration decreases. By comparing B20 fuel with diesel/n-butanol/2-ethylhexyl nitrate blended fuel (B20 + EHN), the difference in the ignition delay period caused by the difference in the cetane number is the main reason for the difference in HC emissions between B20 and B20 + EHN fuels in oxygen-poor environment, and the effect of this influencing factor gradually increases as the intake oxygen concentration decreases.Energies 2019, 12, 1310 2 of 17 turbocharged diesel engine. The results showed that the addition of n-butanol produces more HC emissions as compared with the pure diesel because of the slow evaporation and the high latent heat of vaporization of n-butanol blends over a 25% load at 3000 r/min. Rajesh Kumar et al. [4] studied the effects of the mixing iso-butanol, n-pentanol, n-hexanol, and n-octanol with diesel on the engine performance of a single-cylinder, four-stroke, naturally aspirated diesel engine. The results showed that the high HC emissions of iso-butanol-diesel blends was attributed to the dominative effect of the latent heat of evaporation over its cetane number. Using a turbocharged in-cylinder direct injection diesel engine, Ileri [5] studied the influence of adding 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN) on the combustion and emission of a diesel-sunflower, oil-n-butanol blended fuel and diesel-sunflower, oil-1-pentanol blended fuel. The test results showed that, at all engine loads, the higher latent heat of vaporization of n-butanol and 1-pentanol leads to an increase in HC emissions compared to diesel. Armas et al. [6] investigated pollutant emissions from the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) using ethanol-and butanol-diesel blends. The result showed that the latent heat of vaporization is an important factor in HC emissions, but the high combustion temperatures during the development of NEDC weakened the effect of the latent heat of vaporization as compared with the combustion in cold engine conditions. Atmanli, Yi...

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“…Even if the current solution implies the use of a small quantity of diesel -that anyway represents under 10% of the total amount of fuel supplied to the cylinder -for future solution the diesel fuel could be replaced with renewable solutions like dimethylether, which has been proved by many researchers to be a viable solution for diesel [2][3][4][5]. A survey of the available literature has showed that there are numerous studies about the use of ethanol fumigation [6][7][8][9] and diesel-ethanol blends [10][11][12][13][14][15], but very few studies that cover such a process that involves a separate direct injection of both fuels (diesel and ethanol), in which the diesel pilot injection is used to create the required conditions for the autoignition of a main ethanol injection, which is believed to be due to its higher complexity. The aim of this solution is to reduce the NO x and soot emissions, while taking advantage of the higher efficiency of the Diesel process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of diesel pilot injection on ethanol autoignition - a numerical analysis

Burnete

JURCHIȘ

Iclodean

2017

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Abstract. The aim of this study is to highlight the influences of the diesel pilot quantity as well as the timing on the autoignition of ethanol and the pollutant emissions resulting from the combustion process. The combustion concept presented in this paper requires the injection of a small quantity of diesel fuel in order to create the required autoignition conditions for ethanol. The combustion of the diesel droplets injected in the combustion chamber lead to the creation of high temperature locations that favour the autoignition of ethanol. However, due to the high vaporization enthalpy and the better distribution inside the combustion chamber of ethanol, the peak temperature values are reduced. Due to the lower temperature values and the high burning velocity of ethanol (combined with the fact that there are multiple ignition sources) the conditions required for the formation of nitric oxides are not achieved anymore, thus leading to significantly lower NOx emissions. This way the benefits of the Diesel engine and of the constant volume combustion are combined to enable a more efficient and environmentally friendly combustion process.

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Impact of n-butanol and hydrous ethanol fumigation on the performance and pollutant emissions of an automotive diesel engine

Cited by 90 publications

References 37 publications

Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emission of Hydrous Ethanol Gasoline Blends Fuel in a Port Injection Gasoline Engine

Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emission of Hydrous Ethanol Gasoline Blends Fuel in a Port Injection Gasoline Engine

Experimental Study of the Effect of Intake Oxygen Concentration on Engine Combustion Process and Hydrocarbon Emissions with N-Butanol-Diesel Blended Fuel

Influences of diesel pilot injection on ethanol autoignition - a numerical analysis

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