Impact of neonatal malnutrition on expression TLR-9, NF-kB and cytokines of macrophages infected in vitro with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Morais, Natália Gomes de; Costa, Thacianna Barreto da; Lima, Luiz Felipe Ferreira de; Basílio, Dyowani dos Santos; Morais, Nadja Nara Gomes de; Paiva-Cavalcanti, Milena de; Pereira, Valéria Rêgo Alves; Castro, Célia Maria Machado Barbosa de

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2019.05.009

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Studies in rats with severe malnutrition suggested that the increase in the susceptibility of infection is largely attributable to the functional defects of mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells, whereby, in hosts, immunocompetence conditions develop an important function of the activation of the early immune response and the connection of the adaptive immune response in its function as an antigen-presenting cell (such as om the case of MDMs) [ 19 , 46 ]. However, very few studies have supported the role and deregulation of these cells in children with malnutrition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been recognized that in immunocompetent hosts, the response of macrophages is initiated after pathogen recognition through toll-like receptors (TLRs) and mostly consists of phagocytosis, pro and anti-inflammatory cytokine release, oxidative burst activation and regulation by the differentiation of macrophages M1 and/or M2 [ 18 ]. In contrast, in immunocompromised hosts, such as in the case of malnourished patients, it is well documented that there are failures in the functionality of macrophages [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Heat-Killed Lactobacillus casei Strain IMAU60214 on the Immune Function of Macrophages in Malnourished Children

et al. 2020

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Malnutrition is commonly associated with immunological deregulation, increasing the risk of infectious illness and death. The objective of this work was to determine the in vitro effects of heat-killed Lactobacillus casei IMAU60214 on monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from well-nourished healthy children, well-nourished infected children and malnourished infected children, which was evaluated by an oxygen-dependent microbicidal mechanism assay of luminol-increase chemiluminescence and the secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-1β), IL-6 and IL-10, as well as phagocytosis using zymosan and as its antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. We found that reactive oxygen species (ROS), secretion cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 levels), phagocytosis and bactericidal capacity increased in all groups after pre-treatment with heat-killed L. casei IMAU60214 at a ratio of 500:1 (bacteria:MDM) over 24 h compared with MDM cells without pre-treatment. The results could indicate that heat-killed L. casei IMAU60214 is a potential candidate for regulating the immune function of macrophages.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Heat-Killed Lactobacillus casei Strain IMAU60214 on the Immune Function of Macrophages in Malnourished Children

et al. 2020

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“…However, several experimental animal models demonstrate impairments in tissue macrophage function during PEM, including reduced numbers in the peritoneal cavity, lymph nodes and alveoli, and reduced phagocytosis and endotoxin-responses similar to those seen in human blood monocytes [reviewed by Ibrahim et al (103)]. PEM in pregnant rats also led to differences in the alveolar macrophage responses of their offspring; macrophages isolated from pups of malnourished dams had lower expression of TLR9 and higher expression of NFκB (a transcription factor down-stream of TLR mediating pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling) when cultured with Staphylococcus aureus than those isolated from pups of protein-sufficient dams (104).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Current Understanding of Innate Immune Cell Dysfunction in Childhood Undernutrition

2019

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Undernutrition affects millions of children in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) and underlies almost half of all deaths among children under 5 years old. The growth deficits that characterize childhood undernutrition (stunting and wasting) result from simultaneous underlying defects in multiple physiological processes, and current treatment regimens do not completely normalize these pathways. Most deaths among undernourished children are due to infections, indicating that their anti-pathogen immune responses are impaired. Defects in the body's first-line-of-defense against pathogens, the innate immune system, is a plausible yet understudied pathway that could contribute to this increased infection risk. In this review, we discuss the evidence for innate immune cell dysfunction from cohort studies of childhood undernutrition in LMIC, highlighting knowledge gaps in almost all innate immune cell types. We supplement these gaps with insights from relevant experimental models and make recommendations for how human and animal studies could be improved. A better understanding of innate immune function could inform future tractable immune-targeted interventions for childhood undernutrition to reduce mortality and improve long-term health, growth and development.

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Impact of neonatal malnutrition on expression TLR-9, NF-kB and cytokines of macrophages infected in vitro with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 2 publications

References 49 publications

Impact of Heat-Killed Lactobacillus casei Strain IMAU60214 on the Immune Function of Macrophages in Malnourished Children

Impact of Heat-Killed Lactobacillus casei Strain IMAU60214 on the Immune Function of Macrophages in Malnourished Children

Current Understanding of Innate Immune Cell Dysfunction in Childhood Undernutrition

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